<p style='text-indent:20px;'>We construct topological invariants, called abstract weak orbit spaces, of flows and homeomorphisms on spaces. In particular, the spaces are refinements Morse graphs compact metric Reeb Hamiltonian with finitely many singular points surfaces, CW decompositions which consist unstable manifolds for closed manifolds. Though decomposition a flow is finite, interse...

This study was undertaken to provide reliable up to date information on birth weights and occipitofrontal head circumference measurements in relation to gestational age for English newborn twins. Records from 36 maternity units in England, mainly from 1988-92, have provided data on birth weights for over 19,000 newborn twins with gestational ages ranging from 23 to 41 weeks, and on head circumf...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether twins have lower IQ scores in childhood than singletons in the same family and, if so, whether differences in fetal growth explain this deficit. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Scotland. PARTICIPANTS 9832 singletons and 236 twins born in Aberdeen between 1950 and 1956. RESULTS At age 7, the mean IQ score of twins was 5.3 points lower (95% confidence interval...

The association of birth type (single vs. double) and pregnancy type (single vs. double) with lactation performance and lactation curve was investigated in Holstein cows in Iran. Data of 243298 lactations on 138021 cows in 261 herds collected during January 2000 to December 2012 were used. The average twinning rate was 3.64% and ranged from 1.44% (primiparous) to 5.41% (multiparous). Factors as...

Understanding the link between placental function and fetal growth is critical to comprehend the mechanisms underlying altered fetal growth. This study investigated the relationship between fetal weight and placentome type and size in placentae of singleton and twin fetuses and fetuses within a twin pair from ad libitum-fed ewes at d 140 of pregnancy. In addition, insulin, IGF-I, metabolites, a...

OBJECTIVE To compare the prognostic value of fetal Doppler in dichorionic twins and singletons by measuring the interval between diagnosis of an abnormal Doppler flow and birth in fetuses who are small for gestational age (SGA). DESIGN Comparative retrospective study using a prospectively collected database. SETTING A level 3 maternity unit in France. POPULATION Fetuses from singleton and...

The capture of attention by singleton stimuli in visual search is a matter of contention. Some authors propose that singletons capture attention in a bottom-up fashion if they are salient. Others propose that capture is contingent upon whether or not the stimuli share task-relevant attributes with the target. This study assessed N2pc elicited by colour and orientation singletons in a mixed task...

PURPOSE To compare the frequency and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among singleton and multiple-birth neonates referred to Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran- Iran. METHODS In this retrospective study, records of 99 consecutive neonates from multiplegestation pregnancies including 68 twins, 26 triplets and 5 quadruplets who were screened for ROP from 2002 to 2004 were reviewed. The fr...