Leaves experience predictable 24-h (diel) fluctuations in environmental factors such as light and temperature, as well as in energy availability. Accordingly, leaf growth is among the many processes regulated by the circadian clock. Despite the importance of leaf growth to the plant, it is relatively poorly understood, in large part due to the difficulty of tracking growth in leaves compared wi...

OBJECTIVE Real-time monitoring of the brain is potentially valuable for performance monitoring, communication, training or rehabilitation. In natural situations, the brain performs a complex mix of various sensory, motor or cognitive functions. Thus, real-time brain monitoring would be most valuable if (a) it could decode information from multiple brain systems simultaneously, and (b) this deco...

5.3 million American couples of reproductive age (9%) are affected by infertility, among which male factors account for up to 50% of cases, which necessitates the identification of parameters defining sperm quality, including sperm count and motility. In vitro fertilization (IVF) with or without intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become the most widely used assisted reproductive techn...

OBJECTIVE To simultaneously record tracheal and oesophageal pH in mechanically ventilated children to determine: (1) the feasibility and safety of the method; (2) the incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and pulmonary contamination; and (3) their associated risk factors. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Paediatric intensive care unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS Twenty mech...

Conventional fluorescence scanners utilize multiple filters to distinguish different fluorescent labels, and problems arise because of this filter-based mechanism. In this work we propose a line-monitoring, hyperspectral fluorescence technique which is designed and optimized for applications in multi-channel microfluidic systems. In contrast to the filter-based mechanism, which only records flu...

Adaptive structures brought a great possibility of performance improvement. The integration of actuators and sensors using smart materials enabled various applications including structural vibration control. In this study, a robust control technique is designed and implemented in order to reduce vibration of an active structure. Special attention is given to the observation spillover reduction ...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a technique that delivers weak electric currents through the scalp. This constant electric current induces shifts in neuronal membrane excitability, resulting in secondary changes in cortical activity. Although tDCS has most of its neuromodulatory effects on the underlying cortex, tDCS effects can also be observed in distant neural networks. The...

Simultaneous video-EEG monitoring has allowed pseudoseizures to be effectively diagnosed. Discussing the results of the monitoring with the patient is the 1st step in treatment. We outline a protocol for presenting the diagnosis of pseudoseizure with the goal of conveying to the patient the importance of knowing the nonepileptic nature of the spells and the need for psychiatric follow-up. The p...

Fetal heart tone monitoring is a frequently used tool during nonobstetric maternal surgery to evaluate the immediate well-being of a fetus. We present a case of a parturient requiring an emergency craniotomy, during which fetal heart tone monitoring demonstrated fetal distress patterns. A simultaneous emergency craniotomy and emergency cesarean delivery proceeded with favorable outcomes for bot...

Paper is a universally widespread material that is available in every household due to its low cost and necessity for everyday use. One of the advantages of using paper substrates for sensors applications is its porosity and its larger interfacial area that promotes both high sensitivity and fast response. To date, several works have used paper as a host platform or a sensing material for build...