the video quality assessment must be adapted to the human visual system, which is why researchers have performed subjective viewing experiments in order to obtain the conditions of encoding of video systems to provide the best quality to the user. the objective of this study is to assess the video quality using image features extraction without using reference video. rmse values and processing ...

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Under the operational restriction of the U(1)-superselection rule, states that contain coherences between eigenstates of particle number constitute a resource. Such resources can be used to facilitate operations upon systems that otherwise cannot be performed. However, the process of doing this consumes reference resources. We show this explicitly for an example of a unitary operation that is f...

The Afghan resistance sees its struggle more in terms of a "holy war" (jihad) than as a war of national liberation. In a country in which reference to the "nation" is avery recent phenomenon, where the State is perceived as exterior to society and where allegiance belongs to the local community, Islam remains the sole point of reference for all Afghans. It is only in the southern Pushtun tribal...

Paul Power’s new book, Intent in Islamic Law, is a challenging and welcome addition to contemporary scholarship on Islamic law and comparative law. Powers examines the way in which the classical Islamic jurists thought about motive, how they thought motive could be identified, and how they thought an actor’s “intent” affected the “legality” of his actions. To accomplish his task, Powers compare...

This study investigates the tone of political candidates’ election coverage in the evening newscasts of four Iraqi satellite television channels: Iraqia (state-run), Furat (Shiite), Hurria (Kurdish), and Baghdad (Sunni) for the 14 days leading up to the 7 of March 2010 Iraqi general election. Iraq is believed to have a new liberal and plural media that emerged after 2003 which is different from...