This paper introduces fully computable two-sided bounds on the eigenvalues of the Laplace operator on arbitrarily coarse meshes based on some approximation of the corresponding eigenfunction in the nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart finite element space plus some postprocessing. The efficiency of the guaranteed error bounds involves the global mesh-size and is proven for the large class of graded m...

We present a novel algorithm developed for decomposing world-space into arbitrary sided high-order polyhedrons for use as navmeshes or other techniques requiring 3D world spatial decomposition. The Adaptive Space Filling Volumes 3D (ASFV3D) algorithm works by seeding world-space with a series of unit cubes. Each cube is then provided with the opportunity to grow to its maximum extent before enc...

A Kokotsakis mesh is a polyhedral structure consisting of an n-sided central polygon P0 surrounded by a belt of polygons in the following way: Each side ai of P0 is shared by an adjacent polygon Pi, and the relative motion between cyclically consecutive neighbor polygons is a spherical coupler motion. Hence, each vertex of P0 is the meeting point of four faces. In the case n = 3 the mesh is par...

Optimized Schwarz methods are working like classical Schwarz methods, but they are exchanging physically more valuable information between subdomains and hence have better convergence behavior. The new transmission conditions include also derivative information, not just function values, and optimized Schwarz methods can be used without overlap. In this paper, we present a new optimized Schwarz...

aims: the installation of intravenous catheter is an unpleasant and painful experience for many patients. then, it is necessary to provide new methods to either reduce or remove pain in the patients’ injection point. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of positioning (either sitting or lying) during the installation of intravenous catheter on pain level and the following anxiet...

Amyand's hernia is defined as protrusion of the vermiform appendix in an inguinal hernia sac. It is a rare entity with variable clinical presentation from normal vermiform appendix to abscess formation due to perforation of acute appendicitis. Although surgical treatment includes appendectomy and hernia repair, appendectomy in the absence of an inflamed appendix and use of a mesh in cases of ap...

.. Objective: To compare the results of Inguinal Hernia repair using commonly employed methods of Bassini’s and Mesh repair. Methodology: This study included 90 cases of hernia repair ranging over a period of 18 months from October 2008 to Mar 2010 at Social Security Hospital Lahore. All the cases were done by the consultants and senior surgeons. The methods of repair included Bassini’s and Her...

Inguinal hernia with vermiform appendix as content is known as Amyand's hernia. It is a rare entity but we encountered four cases within six months. A 52-year-old female had high grade fever and evidence of inflammatory pathology involving the ileocaecal region. She was initially managed conservatively and subsequently underwent exploratory laparatomy. The appendix was perforated and herniating...

Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair shortens the length of hospital stay and achieves low rates of hernia recurrence. The inherent difficulties of performing advanced laparoscopy operations, however, have limited the adoption of this technique by many surgeons. We hypothesized that the virtual operative field and hand-like instruments of a telerobotic surgical system could overcome these limitat...

colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. through risk assessment of malignancy in polyps, screening programs can achieve the best results. this study aimed to determine the association between the grade of dysplasia and the location of colorectal polyps. 240 colorectal adenomatous polyps which were referred to department of pathology at rasoul-e-akram hospital be...