The mammalian circadian system regulates many physiological functions including inflammatory responses. Appropriately timed light information is essential for maintaining circadian organization. Over the past ∼120 years, urbanization and the widespread adoption of electric lights have dramatically altered lighting environments. Exposure to light at night (LAN) is pervasive in modern society and...

METHODS Sprague-Dawley adult male rats (12-14 weeks old) were exposed to 14-day CUS and then subjected to partial hepatectomy 24 h after the last stress session. The rats were pretreated with an antagonist of the glucocorticoids (GCs) receptor RU486 (30 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h prior to stress exposure. The behavioral changes were evaluated with open field test and elevated plus-maze test. The hippocam...

Somatization refers to the persistence of multiple physical complaints that cannot be attributed to a medical illness. Increasing evidence suggests that activation of the proinflammatory cytokine network can lead to a constellation of behaviors, “sickness behavior,” which might underlie the pathophysiology of certain psychiatric disorders. In particular, depressive disorders, as well as somatof...

Sickness behavior appears to be the expression of a central motivational state that reorganizes the organism's priorities to cope with infectious pathogens. To evaluate the effect of dipyrone in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness behavior, mice were subjected to the forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), dark-light box test, open field test, sucrose preference intake test an...

Motion sickness will not be life-threatening, but it will bring a lot of inconvenience for daily life, also reducing combat effectiveness of military troops or affecting the health and work efficiency of astronauts. In the article, a more effective mice motion sickness model which selected kaolin consumption, food intake and halo response index as evaluation indexes was firstly established. The...

It has recently been postulated that cytokines may cause depressive illness in man. This hypothesis is based on the following observations: 1. Treatment of patients with cytokines can produce symptoms of depression; 2. Activation of the immune system is observed in many depressed patients; 3. Depression occurs more frequently in those with medical disorders associated with immune dysfunction; 4...