A 62-year-old woman presented with 1 year of slowly progressive dysarthria, difficulty chewing food, sialorrhea, dysphagia, and unintentional 20-pound weight loss. Neurologic examination demonstrated moderate dysarthria, marked tongue weakness with atrophy and fasciculations, multifocal muscular atrophy, and diffuse hyperreflexia, including a jaw jerk. EMG showed diffuse fibrillation potentials...

This article is structured around a literature review that was carried out using Ovid and Medline with the key words "botulinum," "toxin," and "ENT." Botulinum toxin has been used safely in humans for more than 20 years. The effects are transient, such that treatments are required to be repeated at intervals. Its application to ENT provides a useful tool to treat dystonia, autonomic dysfunction...

In an open trial, drug-resistant schizophrenics were treated with clozapine for sixteen weeks. The patients were rated on BPRS, PANSS, Side effects scale and Global Impression Scale at weeks 0. 9 and 16. A battery of base-line investigations were done, and hemogram was repeated at weekly intervals. Of the total 29 patient included. 25 completed the trial. The patients showed significant improve...