Cardiopulmonary abnormalities are often present in patients with liver diseases. We herein report a case of congenital portosystemic shunts complicated by hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) and portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH). A 57-year-old woman complained of dyspnea and was subsequently diagnosed with HPS and PoPH caused by congenital portosystemic shunts. Although shunt closure by transcathet...

Micrococcaceae isolated from the shunt, ventricles, and bloodstream of children with colonized ventriculo-venous shunts were classified within the scheme of Baird-Parker (1963). With one exception, all belonged to subgroup II of the genus Staphylococcus; tests were therefore devised for division within this subgroup, and results are reported in 30 cases from this and other hospitals. Skin and n...

Contrast Ultrasound Techniques in the Detection and Quantification of Patent Foramen Ovale: Myth Versus Reality—A Clarification To the Editor: We were pleased to see that our research was cited in a Letter to the Editor in Stroke, particularly in the context of paradoxical embolization and cryptogenic stroke.1 However, in both the Letter to the Editor and the Response to the Letter to the Edito...

0NE of the difficult problems in cardiac catheterization is the identification and localization of small left-to-right shunts. This is particularly trying with small residual shunts following intracardiac surgery. It is recognized that standard oximetry, indicator-dilution curves with injection into the right heart, and right-sided angiocardiography are not sensitive enough to identify small le...

a single gamma ray. Investigations were done to establish normal values and those in patients who had either rheumatic or congenital heart disease. All left-to-right shunts were confirmed at cardiac catheterization. False negative results were rare but false positive results can occur in the presence of congestive cardiac failure. It is possible to detect left-to-right shunts with a pulmonary t...

0NE of the difficult problems in cardiac catheterization is the identification and localization of small left-to-right shunts. This is particularly trying with small residual shunts following intracardiac surgery. It is recognized that standard oximetry, indicator-dilution curves with injection into the right heart, and right-sided angiocardiography are not sensitive enough to identify small le...

Dural arteriovenous shunts and pial arteriovenous fistulas are uncommonly associated. Their etiology, pathogenesis, and natural history are still unclear and are likely different. We present three cases of high-flow dural arteriovenous shunts associated with pial arteriovenous fistulas and discuss their pathogenesis, anatomic association, and angioarchitecture. We propose that venous steal effe...

Pulmonary and systemic arterial carbon dioxide tensions (Pco2) were measured at cardiac catheterization in I.f patients with left-to-right circulatory shunts and in irS patients with valvular heart disease. The measurements were performed under resting conditions and at 5-sec intervals during a 30-sec period of hyperventilation. In both groups the systemic arterial Pco2 fell significantly durin...

Infections of the cerebrospinal shunts and other neurosurgical structures are not uncommon in the clinical practice. These infections are mostly clinical emergencies carrying negative prognostic impacts on the patients as well as spending healthcare resources. The low pathogenicity nature of some implicated pathogens results in minimal physical signs that may complicate the diagnosis and mislea...