BACKGROUND Long-lived seabirds face a conflict between current and lifelong reproductive success. During incubation shifts, egg neglect is sometimes necessary to avoid starvation, but may compromise the current reproductive attempt. However, factors underlying this decision process are poorly understood. We focus on the ancient murrelet, Synthliboramphus antiquus, an alcid with exceptionally lo...

A permutation π is realized by the shift on N symbols if there is an infinite word on an N -letter alphabet whose successive left shifts by one position are lexicographically in the same relative order as π. The set of realized permutations is closed under consecutive pattern containment. Permutations that cannot be realized are called forbidden patterns. It was shown in [1] that the shortest f...

BACKGROUND Twenty-four hour nursing care involves shift work including 12-h shifts. England is unusual in deploying a mix of shift patterns. International evidence on the effects of such shifts is growing. A secondary analysis of data collected in England exploring outcomes with 12-h shifts examined the association between shift length, job satisfaction, scheduling flexibility, care quality, pa...

In this paper we present a new algorithm for the recovery of the initial state of a linear feedback shift register when a noisy output sequence is given. Our work is focussed on the investigation of the asymptotical behaviour of the recovery process rather than on the construction of an optimal recovery procedure. Our results show the importance of low-weight checks and show also that the compl...

A (non-circular) de Bruijn sequence w of order n is a word such that every word of length n appears exactly once in w as a factor. In this paper, we generalize the concept to a multi-shift setting: a m-shift de Bruijn sequence of order n is a word such that every word of length n appears exactly once in w as a factor that starts at an index im+ 1 for some integer i ≥ 0. We show the number of th...