INTRODUCTION Factors such as complex root canal anatomy and the vapor lock phenomenon have been shown to limit the penetration of irrigating solutions into the apical third in both in vivo and in vitro studies involving small and wide canals. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine whether the use of a patency file is related to the presence of a radiopaque irrigating solution in the apic...

The success of endodontic treatment depends on the identification of all root canals so that they can be cleaned, shaped, and obturated. This study investigated internal morphology of maxillary first molars by 3 different methods: ex vivo, clinical, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis. In all these different methods, the number of additional root canals and their locations, the nu...

The major goal of root canal treatment is to remove irritants from the root canal system, to obturate the cleaned and shaped root canals, and to prevent recontamination. Ray and Trope proposed that coronal microleakage may be a major cause of endodontic failure. Many previous studies have examined that coronal leakage might occur, even in well obturated root canals. One of the most important co...

The aim was to assess the presence of smear layer after canal instrumentation with two reciprocating rotary systems and a continuous motion one. Thirty canals were shaped with Reciproc, WaveOne or Mtwo systems. Smear layer was assessed following a three value scale at coronal, middle and apical levels with a scanning electron microscopy. Reciproc scores: coronal third, 20% of the cases: 0, 60%:...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Isthmuses are narrow and strip shaped connections between two canals containing pulpal tissue that may encompass bacteria as well. They are hardly accessible for cleaning; therefore, success and failure of root canal treatments could be affected by their presence. The present study was carried out aiming to evaluate the incidence, location, and type of isthmus in mandibular ...

AIM To investigate differences in the root canal morphology of permanent mandibular molar teeth at various ages. METHODOLOGY Four hundred and eighty permanent mandibular first and second molars were examined. First and second molars were divided into six and five groups, respectively, according to the age of the patient at the time of extraction. Root canal morphology was studied using a clea...

background: reinforcement of root canals obturated with resilon was reported by several investigators, but no studies reported the reinforcement of overtly fl ared root canals obturated with resilon material. the aim of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance of overtly fl ared root canals fi lled with resilon as compared to similar root canals fi lled with gutta-percha (gp). mate...

OBJECTIVE To establish a new approach for determination of the optimal apical preparation size (APS). STUDY DESIGN After preflaring 212 root canals from 80 extracted molars, electronic working length (WL) was measured to establish where the apical preparation size (APS) should be determined. Subsequently, nontapered, noncutting special instruments were used to reach WL. The diameter of the la...