BACKGROUND Tobacco use is responsible for 5.4 million deaths every year worldwide and is a leading cause of preventable death. The burden of these deaths is rapidly shifting to low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil. Brazil has prohibited most forms of tobacco advertising; however, the cigarette pack remains a primary source of marketing. The current study examined how tobacco packagin...

This paper is based on a theory being developed in collaboration with Seymour Papert [Note 1] in which we v i e w t h e m i n d a s a n o r g a n i z e d s o c i e t y o f intercommunicating "agents". Each such agent is, by itself, very simple. The subject of this paper is how that simplicity affects communication between different parts of a single mind and, indirectly, how it may affect inter...

As for serial code on CPUs, parallel code on GPUs for dense polynomial arithmetic relies on a combination of asymptotically fast and plain algorithms. Those are employed for data of large and small size, respectively. Parallelizing both types of algorithms is required in order to achieve peak performances. In this paper, we show that the plain dense polynomial multiplication can be efficiently ...

this paper deals with the concentration variation of cd, as, pb and no3- in groundwater of anar plain located in sw iran (west of kerman province). for this purpose, 21 samples were taken in april 2009 from discharging wells across the plain and after analysis and control of their results, isoconcentration maps and related graphs were prepared and interpreted. accordingly, the concentration of ...

BACKGROUND Plain radiographic assessment of posterolateral fusion has been reported as accurate in only two thirds of patients who were found to be healed at surgical exploration. Plain radiographic techniques for fusion assessment of interbody fusion with radiolucent cages are reported to be accurate. A helical computed tomography (CT) scan shows a high sensitivity for pseudarthrosis compared ...

archaeological excavations on the western part of the central iranian plateau, known as the qazvin plain provides invaluable information about the sedentary communities from early occupation to the later prehistoric era. despite the past archeological data, chronological studies mostly rely on the relative use of the bayesian modeling for stratigraphically-related radiocarbon dates. the current...

Accurate estimates of groundwater recharge are essential for effective management of groundwater, especially when supplies are limited such as in many arid and semiarid areas. In the Hebei Plain, China, water shortage is increasingly restricting socioeconomic development, especially for agriculture, which heavily relies on groundwater. Human activities have greatly changed groundwater recharge ...

BACKGROUND This study sought to examine the impact of cigarette packaging on young women, including the impact of 'plain' packaging. METHODS Participants were randomised to view eight cigarette packs designed according to one of four experimental conditions: fully-branded female brands; the same brands without descriptors (eg, 'slims'); the same brands without brand imagery or descriptors (ie...