Quite surprisingly, it seems that the minimal shadow problem for the word-subword relation introduced here has not been studied before, whereas its analogs for sets [1–4], sequences [5], and vector spaces over finite fields [6] are well known. For an alphabet X = {0, 1, . . . , q − 1}, we consider the set X k of words xk = x1x2 . . . xk of length k. For a word ak = a1a2 . . . ak ∈ X k, we defin...

The SMASH API is a testbed for real-time, low-level graphics con-cepts. It is being developed to serve as a concrete target for thedevelopment of advanced extensions to OpenGL as well as a driverto test hardware architectures to support these extensions. SMASHis syntactically and conceptually similar to OpenGL but supports(along with other experimental features) a programmab...

Studies that span entire species ranges can provide insight into the relative roles of historical contingency and contemporary factors that influence population structure and can reveal patterns of genetic variation that might otherwise go undetected. American shad is a wide ranging anadromous clupeid fish that exhibits variation in demographic histories and reproductive strategies (both semelp...

Starting from an unintegrated gluon distribution which satisfies a 'unified' equation which embodies both BFKL and DGLAP behaviour, we compute the shadowing corrections to the integrated gluon in the small x domain that will be accessible at the LHC. The corrections are calculated via the Korchegov equation, which incorporates the leading ln(1/x) triple-Pomeron vertex, and are approximately res...

This study was conducted to quantitatively determine the fatty acid contents of 20 species of marine fish and four species of shellfish from Straits of Malacca. Most samples contained fairly high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3 n3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n3). Longtail shad, yellowst...

This paper presents the results of a parasitological study on internal parasitic infections in saposhnikovi shad, Alosa saposchnikowii, from the southern part of the Caspian Sea. In this regard 30 fish were studied for abdominal cavity parasites in February 2014. Results showed all of the specimens were infected at least with one kind of parasite and there was no significant difference in paras...

The relationship between the Lower Danube River level and Romanian annual catches of Pontic shad (Alosa immaculata, Bennett 1835) were analyzed. For analysis of long term data on the Danube River water level and Pontic shad catch, combinations of different methods were applied using statistical programs, SPSS 13.0 and MATLAB 6. Periodograms, containing cyclic patterns, were obtained using Fouri...

In this study, two developed shortest path algorithms that run fast on the real large volume road networks have been identified. The first one is heuristic genetic algorithm implemented with approximate buckets in scalar computing environment and the second one is parallel genetic processing which is run in the alternative space. At first, these two algorithms were reviewed and summarized and t...

Reservoirs are relatively new ecosystems with fish assemblages that include both native and introduced species. Spatial and temporal variability in such fish assemblages is difficult to predict from ecological theory. We characterized the dynamics of an offshore fish assemblage of Lake Texoma by sampling multiple fixed sites fortnightly with gill nets from 1981 to 1984 (402 net-nights). Univari...