The primary visual cortex has a map of multiple visual parameters whose topographic relations remain poorly understood. A new study (Nauhaus et al., 2016) reveals a nearly geometric map-topography that coexists within a remarkably precise representation of visual space.

Titanium is commonly used for dental implants because of its unique ability to get incorporated into living bone. There is an ongoing development to obtain better anchorage and surface properties such as roughness and chemical composition are modified to reach this. In this study titanium dental implant surfaces were characterised by recording the topographical changes induced by each individua...

The Formetric 4D System (Diers International GmbH, Schlangenbad, Germany) is a surface topography system used to evaluate trunk deformity in patients with scoliosis. The original system took a single static scan of the patient which was subject to variability due to the natural sway of the body during standing. A 4D system was developed that takes multiple scans over 6 seconds and averages them...

Topographic maps are an often-encountered feature in the brains of many species, yet there are no standard, objective procedures for quantifying topography. Topographic maps are typically identified and described subjectively, but in cases where the scale of the map is close to the resolution limit of the measurement technique, identifying the presence of a topographic map can be a challenging ...

Soil moisture has a profound influence on life Earth, and this vital water resource varies across space time. Here, we explored soil variations in boreal forest tundra environments, where comprehensive datasets are scarce. We installed sensors up to 14 cm depth at 503 measurement sites within seven study areas northern Europe. recorded 6 138 528 measurements capture of the snowless season from ...

Stress magnitude and variability as estimated from large scale finite element (FE) analyses have been associated with compressive strength of human vertebral cancellous cores but these relationships have not been explored for whole vertebral bodies. In this study, the objectives were to investigate the relationship of FE-calculated stress distribution parameters with experimentally determined s...