The delivery of quality healthcare services to citizens is not only a constitutional right, but also the task and obligation every government. However, bribery, lack financial accountability counterfeit drugs, shortage human resources, poor hygiene ineffective infection control measures, medical record keeping have been identified as major challenges for implementation successful public system....

The location-routing problem is the most significant and yet new research field in location problems that considers simultaneously vehicle routing problem features with original one for achieving high-quality integrated distribution systems in beside of the global optimum. Simultaneous pickup and delivery based on time windows are the two main characteristics of logistic management that have be...