S ister chromatids are often reluctant to separate during mitosis. Germann et al. show that a protein involved in DNA replication and repair helps eliminate lingering connections that can hold sister chromatids together (1). Sister chromatids tangle almost every time a cell enters mitosis. Unless the cell releases these links, the structures can break or fail to separate properly. Two kinds of ...

Communication between cells pervades the development and physiology of metazoans. In animals, this process is carried out by a relatively small number of signaling pathways, each consisting of a chain of biochemical events through which extracellular stimuli control the behavior of target cells. One such signaling system is the Hedgehog pathway, which is crucial in embryogenesis and is implicat...

To challenge the limited understanding of the thenyoung quantum theory, Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen constructed, in 1935, their EPR Gedankenexperiment, in which they introduced entangled states that exhibit strange correlations over macroscopic distances [1]. By now we have learned that entangled states are an element of physical reality. They lie at the heart of quantum physics and can, in f...

Human herpesvirus infections are generally asymptomatic in immune-competent hosts; however, immune dysfunction can unveil inherent oncogenic properties associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. Although these viruses were first discovered in human tumor specimens in 1964 and 1994, respectively, it was discovered later on that large proportions o...

The cochlear implant, a microelectrode array that directly stimulates the auditory nerve, has greatly benefited many individuals with profound deafness. Deaf patients without an intact auditory nerve may be helped by the next generation of auditory prostheses: surface or penetrating auditory brainstem implants that bypass the auditory nerve and directly stimulate auditory processing centers in ...

Web-based malware is pervasive. Miscreants compromise insecure hosts or even set up dedicated servers to distribute malware to unsuspecting users. This scourge is mainly fought by the voluntary action of private actors who detect and report infections to affected site owners, hosting providers and registrars. In this paper we describe an experiment to assess whether sending reports to affected ...

Wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) consist of three components which are sensor nodes, actor nodes and central controller (sink). The act of sensors is gathering data from the physical environment and sending them to the actor or the sink. The actors react according to received data from the sensor or the sink. After detection of an event, this data must be sent to the sink or actor imm...

There exist infinite, finitely presented, torsion-free groups G such that Aut(G) and Out(G) are torsion-free but G has an automorphism sending some non-trivial element to its inverse.

The emergence of blockchains is fueling the development resilient data management systems that can deal with Byzantine failures due to crashes, bugs, or even malicious behavior. As traditional lack scalability required for modern data, several recent explored using sharding. Enabling these sharded designs requires two basic primitives: a primitive reliably make decisions within cluster and comm...