This Comment addresses an observed effect that we believe has been inaccurately identified by Xing et al.1 The reported effect is not self-bending, as they suggested, but rather a cross-phase modulation effect. The self-bending effect2 has, for 24 years, been defined as a degenerate process whereby a beam of wavelength A induces an intensity-dependent index change that deflects the trajectory o...

introduction: it is known that acute and chronic stress induce hormonal and neuronal changes which affecting both pain threshold and nociceptive behaviours. orexin plays an important role in modulation of pain and stress. considering pain modulation during stress and the role of orexin in pain and stress, orexin might be involved in pain modulation during stress.we evaluated the involvement of ...

This paper implements the enhanced Kudryashov approach to retrieve highly dispersive optical solitons and study it with four nonlinear forms. These are power law, generalized quadratic-cubic triple-power non-local law. reveals bright singular along respective parameter constraints.