The aim of the present study was to assess the toxic potential of drugs of abuse and other neuropharmacological agents in the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia complex (ADC), the neurological complication of AIDS. Neuroblastoma and glioblastoma cell lines expressing the dopamine transporter, as well as primary macrophages exposed to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), were used to investigate t...

BACKGROUND There is evidence that medications or vitamins that increase the levels of brain catecholamines and protect against oxidative damage may reduce the neuronal damage and slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter trial in patients with Alzheimer's disease of moderate severity. A total of 341 patients r...

The deprenyl and tocopherol antioxidative treatment (DATATOP) study has shown that selegiline (deprenyl), with or without tocopherol, reduces physical and psychological deficits in patients with Parkinson's disease within one month of treatment and reduces the probability of reaching a primary endpoint, the decision to treat with levodopa. This paper critically re-evaluates the inference that s...

Background: Adult stem cells (ASC) are undifferentiated cells found throughout the body. These cells are promising tools for cell replacement therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Adipose tissue is the most abundant and accessible source of ASC. This study was conducted to evaluate effect of selegiline on differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) into functional neuron-like cells (NL...

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO-I) belong to the earliest drugs tried in Parkinson's disease (PD). They have been used with or without levodopa (L-DOPA). Non-selective MAO-I due to their side-effect/adverse reaction profile, like tranylcypromine have limited use in the treatment of depression in PD, while selective, reversible MAO-A inhibitors are recommended due to their easier clinical hand...

Serotonin toxicity is an iatrogenic complication of serotonergic drug therapy. It is due to an overstimulation of central and peripheral serotonin receptors that lead to neuromuscular, mental and autonomic changes. Moclobemide is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A, selegiline is an irreversible selective inhibitor of MAO-B, and paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhib...

D a t a e x t r a c t i o n Studies were rated for quality (class I [highquality randomized controlled trials with blinded outcome assessment] to class IV [uncontrolled studies, case series, case reports, or expert opinion]). M a i n r e s u l t s Selegiline: 2 class-II studies on the neuroprotective effects of selegiline were included. Selegiline improved symptoms, but the evidence was insuffi...

Non-selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes (ie, isoforms A and B) in the brain are associated with clinically significant antidepressant effects. In the US, the selegiline transdermal system (STS; EMSAM) is the first antidepressant transdermal delivery system to receive Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved labeling for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Cu...

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity and the protective role of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibition were evaluated at the mitochondrial level in various regions of the adolescent rat brain. Four groups of adolescent male Wistar rats were used: (1) saline control, (2) exposed to MDMA (4 x 10 mg/kg, i.p.; two hourly), (3) treated with selegiline (2 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min...