The title of this paper is taken from the final sentence book How People Judge Policing (Waddington et al. [2017]. Policing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.) which, though it had four authors, was really brainchild late Tank Waddington. picks up book’s observation and seeks to develop it, examining problematic core policing, using as a basis for thinking more generally about issues trust, legi...

There is a paradox that accompanies intelligence failure. Drawn from the work of Richard Betts, one most influential scholars in field studies, this based on two propositions. First, there will always be accurate signals “pipeline” before significant failure intelligence. Second, failures are inevitable. Combined, these propositions motivate much intellectual activity studies: to devise effecti...