Sedimentary rocks are one component of the modern threefold classification of rocks. They derive from the lithification of sediments, which are produced in basically two ways: by the mechanical deposition of grains derived from the alteration of other rocks (detrital or clastic rocks), or as chemical precipitates or grains formed organically or inorganically from an aqueous solution. The whole ...

The primary objective of a gravity survey over a sedimentary basin is to delineate the shape of the basin. To fulfill this objective, information is needed about the densities within the sedimentary section. Densities of sedimentary rocks increase with depth (mainly due to compaction), approaching that of the basement in deep basins. Sedimentary basins are generally associated with low gravity ...

There are various methods to evaluating phosphate rock for direct application. The first approach is solubility test of Phosphate Rocks (PR) using chemical extractant. In this study to compare the effectiveness of direct application of PRs, two samples of a sedimentary unbeneficiated PR from Lar mine of Yasooj and two samples of concentrated PR of Asfordi igneous PR of Yazd in Iran along with o...

Recent simulations of diffusion limited cluster-cluster aggregation (DLCA) have shown systematic inhomogeneities in the shape and orientation of clusters formed when a sedimentary force is applied. Using custom simulation and visualisation techniques and programs we have carried out a microscopic study of these sedimentary inhomogeneities and have mapped out the model parameter space. We find v...

Cyanobacterial blooms frequently occur in freshwater lakes, subsequently, substantial amounts of decaying cyanobacterial bloom biomass (CBB) settles onto the lake sediments where anaerobic mineralization reactions prevail. Coupled Fe/S cycling processes can influence the mobilization of phosphorus (P) in sediments, with high releases often resulting in eutrophication. To better understand eutro...

Introduction Phosphate-Induced Metal Stabilization (PIMS) using Apatite II stabilizes a wide range of metals, especially Pb, Cd, Zn, U and Pu, in situ or ex situ, by chemically binding them into new stable phosphate phases and other low-solubility phases that are stable over geologic time. The concept resulted from paleochemical oceanographic and chemostratigraphic studies, in the 1970s and 198...

As pointed out in the introduction to this book, shales contain the lion’s share of earth history that is recorded in sedimentary rocks. Understanding their deposition is key to the reconstruction of past oceans, landscapes, climates, and climatic cycles. Yet, whereas students of sandstones and carbonates have been able to learn a great deal about the deposition of these rocks from studying bed...

A new mass balance model for the coupled marine cycles of phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) is used to examine the relationships between oceanic circulation, primary productivity, and sedimentary burial of reactive P and particulate organic C (POC), on geological time scales. The model explicitly represents the exchanges of water and particulate matter between the continental shelves and the open o...

Phosphorus deficiency affects around 80% of the acid soils of western Kenya, but fertilizer use is limited due to high prices. This paper explores the potential of local phosphate rocks (PR) as a remedy within the context on an integrated soil fertility management approach. A promising phosphate rock is Minjingu PR (MPR, Tanzania), a sedimentary/biogenic deposit which contains about 13% total P...