In this paper we report experiments where we shear granular rods in split-bottom geometries, and find that a significant heap of height of least 40% of the filling height can form at the particle surface. We show that heaping is caused by a significant secondary flow, absent for spherical particles. Flow reversal transiently reverses the secondary flow, leading to a quick collapse and slower re...

Measurements are given of the tiotal pressure and yaw relative to the pipe axis of flow in various pipe bends attached to the end of a long straight pipe, for a pipe Reynolds number of 2-36 x lo5. The behaviour of the induced secondary flows is presented in detail. In a 180" bend it is found that, from the start of tho bend, the secondary flows increase to a maximum and then decrease to a stead...

A wide range of microfluidic cell-sorting devices has emerged in recent years, based on both passive and active methods of separation. Curvilinear channel geometries are often used in these systems due to presence of secondary flows, which can provide high throughput and sorting efficiency. Most of these devices are designed on the assumption of two counter rotating Dean vortices present in the...

Viscous heating can play an important role in the dynamics of fluids with strongly temperature-dependent viscosities because of the coupling between the energy and momentum equations. The heat generated by viscous friction produces a local temperature increase near the tube walls with a consequent decrease of the viscosity and a strong stratification in the viscosity profile. The problem of vis...

[1] Hyporheic exchange flows were simulated using MODFLOW and MODPATH to estimate relative effects of channel morphologic features on the extent of the hyporheic zone, on hyporheic exchange flow, and on the residence time of stream water in the hyporheic zone. Four stream reaches were compared in order to examine the influence of stream size and channel constraint. Within stream reaches, the in...

The average bed and sidewall shear stresses in smooth rectangular open-channel flows are determined after solving the continuity and momentum equations. The analysis shows that the shear stresses are function of three components: (1) gravitational; (2) secondary flows; and (3) interfacial shear stress. An analytical solution in terms of series expansion is obtained for the case of constant eddy...

The assumption of low Reynolds number flow, or Stokes flow, is often applied to the understanding of a broad range of microfluidic devices, including micro-reactors, biomedical devices, and membraneless electrochemical cells. However, recent studies have shown that various inertial effects can play a significant role, even in microfluidic systems. In this work, twoand three-dimensional secondar...

We revisit the permeation flow issue in weakly sheared cholesteric liquid crystal polymers in plane Couette and Poiseuille flow geometries using a mesoscopic theory obtained from the kinetic theory for flows of cholesteric liquid crystal polymers [2]. We first present two classes of equilibrium solutions due to the order parameter variation and the director variation, respectively; then, study ...

Two distinct types of ports handle French deep-sea cargo: global ports of Northern Range and Marseilles serve a great number of overseas regions (forelands) and secondary ports mainly serve niche markets. In this paper we demonstrate that global ports serve also larger hinterlands, but their superiority over secondary ports depends on the types of cargo handled. The results of a spatial interac...

Shear-induced migration of red blood cells (RBCs) is a well-known phenomenon characterizing blood flow in the small vessels (micrometre to millimetre size) of the cardiovascular system. In large vessels, like the abdominal aorta and the carotid artery (millimetre to centimetre size), the extent of this migration and its interaction with secondary flows has not been fully elucidated. RBC migrati...