Microbial biofilms that form on metallic surfaces in natural seawater are known to generate efficient oxygen-reducing cathodes. The microbial catalysis of oxygen reduction is a major mechanism of corrosion in marine aerobic environments; it can also be exploited to develop biocathodes for microbial fuel cells. In the latter case, seawater biocathodes have the great advantage of operating in hig...

The purpose of the present study was to characterize chloride cell subtypes in the fish gill and to monitor the kinetic change of cell division in the gill epithelia during seawater adaptation. Employing a three-step Percoll gradient method, the gill chloride cells and nonchloride cell population were isolated. The isolated cells were studied using multiparameter flow cytometry, recording the c...

The central rift of the Red Sea contains 25 brine pools with different physicochemical conditions, dictating the diversity and abundance of the microbial community. Three of these pools, the Atlantis II, Kebrit and Discovery Deeps, are uniquely characterized by a high concentration of hydrocarbons. The brine-seawater interface, described as an anoxic-oxic (brine-seawater) boundary, is character...

In this study, abstraction, desalination and recharge method and SEAWAT numerical model are used to investigate seawater intrusion repulsion in a hypothetical two-dimensional coastal aquifer to understand the relation of seawater intrusion with abstraction, desalination and recharge parameters (i.e. abstraction/recharge rate, wells distance and depth). Abstraction, desalination and recharge con...

Marine planktonic bacteria often live in habitats with extremely low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). To study the use of trace amounts of DOM by the facultatively oligotrophic Pseudovibrio sp. FO-BEG1, we investigated the composition of artificial and natural seawater before and after growth. We determined the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved n...

This study aimed to develop an aerobic granular sludge process for the efficient treatment of highly saline wastewater and understand the granulation process in a seawater-based multi-ion matrix. Five identical sequencing batch airlift reactors (SBARs) are used to treat synthetic saline sewage with different proportions of real seawater (0%-100%). The results confirm that aerobic granular sludg...

Aeromonas are water-borne pathogens. They are halotolerant, which means that they can survive in environments whose salt content corresponds to that of seawater (3.0% NaCl). However, the presence of Aeromonas in seawater is extremely rare compared with that in river water. In this study, we tested the ability of Aeromonas sobria to produce toxins in river water and seawater. First, we cultured ...

The ability to separate nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives in seawater sample matrices is demonstrated using both MEKC and CEC. While several capillary-based separations exist for explosives, none address direct sampling from seawater, a sample matrix of particular interest in the detection of undersea mines. Direct comparisons are made between MEKC and CEC in terms of sensitivity and separ...

A numerical model SEAWAT-2000 was developed to investigate the current seawater intrusion status in the low lying area of Manukan Island. SEAWAT-2000 output indicated that there is about 1.4% of freshwater and seawater mixing ratio at sea level in low lying area of Manukan Island illustrates the seawater intrusion problem. Upconing process simulated by SEAWAT-2000 showed the current status of s...

concentrations of zn, cu, cr, cd, pb and fe in surface marine sediments of the southern coast of sfax were studied in order to understand current metal contamination at the outlet of a mixed industrial and domestic wastewater effluent discharged into the seawater since 1953. we found that heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) in surface marine sediments varied from 42 to 391 for zn, 15 ...