Synchronized transitions in the polymorph mineralogy of the major reef-building and sediment-producing calcareous marine organisms and abiotic CaCO3 precipitates (ooids, marine cements) throughout Phanerozoic time are believed to have been caused by tectonically induced variations in the Mg/Ca ratio of seawater (molar Mg/Ca>2=“aragonite seas”, <2=“calcite seas”). Here, I assess the geological e...

The migration of Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus from freshwater to seawater requires a substantial reorganization of the osmoregulatory tissues to regulate plasma ion levels. These modifications have an inherent metabolic cost, which must be met through the upregulation of intermediary metabolism. Arctic char intermediary metabolism was monitored during the initial 96 h of seawater acclimation ...

Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen, transmitted from seawater, raw oyster, and shellfish and responsible for severe septicemia. We studied V. vulnificus from surface seawater around Jeju Island between 2010 and 2011. In 2010, V. vulnificus was isolated and V. vulnificus septicemia was reported. Surface seawater temperature is an important factor for growth of V. vulnificus, an...

Uranium from the sea provides a long-time supply guarantee of nuclear fuels for centuries to come, and the neutral Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex has been shown to be the dominant species of uranium in seawater. However, the solvation and structure of the Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex in seawater have been unclear. Herein we simulate the Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex in a model seawater solution via classical molecular dy...

Seawater drowning can lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Several studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) treatment could attenuate ALI. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon still remain elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether BMSC treatment can ameliorate seawater-induced ALI and its underlying mechanisms in a rat model. In this study, a...

Axons freshly dissected from living specimens of the tropical squid Dorytheutis plei have a calcium content of 68 tzmol/kg of axoplasm. Fibers stimulated at 100 impuises/s in 100 mM Ca seawater increase their Ca content by 150/zmol/ kg.min; axons placed in 3 Ca (choline) seawater increase their Ca content by 12 /zmol/kg.min. Axons loaded with 0.2-1.5 mmol Ca/kg of axoplasm extruded Ca with a ha...

The method of Parsons et al. (1984) for measuring dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) in coastal seawater was modified. We found considerable interference in DFAA determination from ammonia dissolved in coastal seawater, although the interference of urea could be ignored. For DFAA analysis for coastal seawater samples, ammonia determinations for the same sample are needed to correct DFAA values. ...

Study of the beam propagation behavior through oceanic media is a challenging subject. In this paper, based on generalized Collins integral, the mean irradiance profile of Gaussian laser beam propagation through ocean is investigated. Power In Special Bucket (PIB) is calculated. Using analytical expressions and calculating seawater transmission, the effects of absorption and scattering on beam ...

The applicability of the Elzone particle counter to the determination of marine bacterial biomass was investigated. The biomass of bacterial pure cultures and a mixed natural population were followed by using the particle counter, a CHN analyzer, and an ATP analyzer. The particle counter showed the precise size distribution of number and volume of submicron-size particles in seawater. For the p...