1. introduction the position of iran in the subtropical region that has made its arid and semiarid climate and the topographic diversity changes this trend of climate. therefore, climate hazards such as frost, flood, dust storm, drought, temperature anomalies, heavy rainfall, avalanches, snow, sleet, etc occur in iran. the northwest of iran experiences the above conditions following the arrival...

Using four different climate models, we investigate sea level pressure variability in the extratropical North Atlantic in the preindustrial climate (1750AD) and at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 kyrs before present) in order to understand how changes in atmospheric circulation can affect signals recorded in climate proxies. In general, the models exhibit a significant reduction in interannua...

In this study we explored the hypothesis that chronic activation of neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor induces pulmonary hypertension in Wistar rats. First, the activation of NK-1 receptor on the pulmonary circulation was investigated by use of a chronic injection of NK-1 agonist [Ser9,Met(O2)11]-substance P (1 × 10-9 mol/kg) for 2 wk at sea level (rats breathed room air) and during hypoxia (rats wer...

The sea ice coverage of the Northern Hemisphere as a whole has been declining since 1979. On contrary, theMarch–April sea ice concentration in the Bering Sea experienced a prominent increase in year 2007. The present study documents the changes in surface air temperature, surface heat fluxes, sea surface temperature, and atmospheric circulation accompanying the above interdecadal change in the ...

in order to determine the synoptic pattern of heavy and extreme precipitations on the southern coast of the caspian sea, precipitation characteristics of the caspian region were investigated by the use of eight synoptic stations data. considering the percentage thresholds, the days with heavy and extreme precipitations were determined for a 10 year period (1994-2003). since more than 75% of day...

s 12 Belen Martin Miguez and Begona Perez Gomez: Assessment of accuracy and operational properties of different tide gauge sensors in Vilagarcia de Arousa (NW Spain) . . . 12 Daniel Hareide: ”Unexpected” oscillations in sea level measurements, instrumental errors or what? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 M. Sztobryn, W. Stepko, B. Kowalska: Likely sou...

extended abstractintroduction the recognition of behaviors of the atmospheric circulation patterns and effective climatic elements in occurrence of flood is very important, especially because abnormal climate changes such as global warming in recent years tend to change in atmospheric circulation patterns and outbreak climatic inelegances in many areas in the world. intensive and torrential pre...