recovery of gold and other valuable metals from electronic scrap involves a complex metallurgical flow sheet and requires state-of-the-art recovery technologies that are available in large-scale, integrated smelter and refinery operations. at the end of their use, electronic and other electrical product scrap offer an important recycling potential for the secondary supply of gold and silver int...

Nonconforming, and for their purpose unusable castings, not fulfilling the requirements of the standard and/or with customer agreed delivery conditions represent scrap [1, 2]. Scrap is manifested in foundries as waste in material, energy and labor. its efficient monitoring and supervision is possible only when the quality criteria have been unequivocally established, not only for the final prod...

Substantial amounts of post-consumer scrap are exported to other regions or lost during recovery and remelting, and both export and losses pose a constraint to desires for having regionally closed material cycles. To quantify the challenges and trade-offs associated with closed-loop metal recycling, we looked at the material cycles from the perspective of a single material unit and trace a unit...

Ductile iron is one of the most important engineering materials, in view of its excellent castability, signifi cantly better mechanical properties and low cost [1, 2]. It represents the fastest growing segment of the iron market. In the medium term, it is to be expected that the market share of nodular iron will level off at 40 % to 45 % [3]. Achieving the full potential of ductile iron require...

Operational uncertainties create disincentives for use of recycled materials in metal alloy production. One that greatly influences remelter batch optimization is variation in the raw material composition, particularly for secondary materials. Currently, to accommodate compositional variation, firms commonly set production targets well inside the window of compositional specification required f...

This paper presents an analysis of the use of iron and steel in the UK and explores how much of the iron and steel is recycled when it becomes obsolete after use. The first part of this paper series investigated production and consumption trends of iron and steel in the UK, whereas this paper focuses on scrap generation and recycling. Information on the amounts of iron and steel going into diff...

In a laboratory study, decolourisation of real textile dyeing wastewater by modified solar photo-Fenton (Steel scrap/ H2O2 ) process under irradiation with sunlight was examined. Batch experiments were conducted to determine optimal operating conditions .The optimal doses of H2O2 and steel scrap were 15 mL/L and 1 g/L, respectively at pH 3.Colour removal of 89% was obtained under optimum condit...

The upgrade recycling of cast-iron scrap chips towards β-FeSi₂ thermoelectric materials is proposed as an eco-friendly and cost-effective production process. By using scrap waste from the machining process of cast-iron components, the material cost to fabricate β-FeSi₂ is reduced and the industrial waste is recycled. In this study, β-FeSi₂ specimens obtained from cast iron scrap chips were prep...