Since the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was first commercialized about 40 years ago, the SEM has shown a remarkable progress. Now, many types of SEMs are being used, and their performance and functions are greatly different from each other. To utilize these different SEMs, it is essential to recognize their features, as well as to understand the reasons for the contrast of SEM images. Thus...

in this article we review the application and procedures involved in scanning electron microscope (sem) to observe biological and live tissues through using sem at high resolution. we discuss practical methods for optimizing tissue preservation to achieve the two principal goals of biological specimen preparation: (a) preserving biological structures as close to their living configuration as po...

OBJECTIVE To examine the ultrastructure of six light-cure orthodontic adhesives with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), microhardness tester, and energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer (EDX). MATERIALS AND METHODS The orthodontic adhesives evaluated were Transbond XT, Light Bond, BeautyOrtho Bond, Kurasper F, Heliosit Orthodontic, and Salivatect. Spe...

background and aims. the manufacturing process of rotary ni-ti file can influence its resistance to fracture. the rotary profile (dentsply-maillefer, baillagues, switzerland) is manufactured by grinding mechanism whereas twisted file (sybron endo, usa) is manufactured with a twisting method. the purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of manufacturing process on distortio...

We have used focused ion beam (FIB) milling and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to prepare samples of known thickness for measurement of the electron scattering elastic and inelastic mean free paths (EMFP and IMFP respectively) of three metallic glasses, Cu(64.5)Zr(35.5), Zr(50)Cu(45)Al(5), and Al(87)Y(7)Fe(5)Cu. After measuring the EMFP and IMFP in a scanning transmission electron microscop...

introduction: the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of an experimental irrigation solution, containing two different concentrations of papain, tween 80, 2% chlorhexidine and edta, on removal of the smear layer. methods and materials: thirty-six single-rooted teeth were divided into two experimental groups ( n =12) and two positive and negative control groups of six. the cana...