Due to the total and unexpected collapse of the Iceland scallop, Chlamys islandica, stocks around Iceland during the 2000s, a commercial fishing ban has been imposed on this valuable resource since 2003. Following the initial identification of an apicomplexan parasite in the scallops, a long-term surveillance program was established to evaluate the effect of the parasite on the population. The ...

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional dynamics of the 3 individual scallops within the posterior mitral leaflet during acute ischemic mitral regurgitations have not been previously measured. METHODS Radiopaque markers were sutured to the mitral annulus, papillary muscle tips, and leaflet edges in 13 sheep. Immediately postoperatively, under open-chest conditions, 3-D marker coordinates were obtained u...

Unlike most bivalves, scallops are able to swim, relying on a shell with reduced mass and streamlined proportions, a large fast-twitch adductor muscle and the elastic characteristics of the shell's hinge. Despite these adaptations, swimming in scallops is never far from failure, and it is surprising to find a swimming scallop in Antarctica, where low temperature increases the viscosity of seawa...

The effects of unnatural disturbances on the behaviour and energetics of animals are an important issue for conservation and commercial animal production. Biologging enables estimation of the energy costs of these disturbances, but not specifically the effect these costs have on growth; a key outcome measure for animal farming enterprises. We looked at how natural and anthropogenically induced ...

Methods for preparing native scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles, largely purified membranous scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, and nonionic detergent-solubilized sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase are described. The effect of a range of polyoxyethylene-based detergents on the solubilized Ca2+-ATPase was tested. Decaethylene glycol dodecyl ether (C12E10) supported the highest leve...

Microorganisms were screened for their ability to release cadmium from scallop hepatopancreas, which is the main residue after removing of the edible parts of scallop. The isolated strain, 23-0-11, identified as Arthrobacter nicotinovorans, secreted a protease which released cadmium from scallop hepatopancreas into the liquid medium. The molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 27 kDa. ...

Aquaculture is being used to meet the increasing world demand for scallops. This analysis focuses on a company entering the scallop aquaculture business. Often, it can take 4 to 5 years before this type of business begins to make a profit. In some growout operations, sea scallops are placed in a series of nets until they reach market size. A simulation model was created to determine how changin...

collagen, which is widely distributed in pluricellular animals, is one of the most fundamental constituents of the extracellular matrix, and plays mechanically or physiologically important roles in their bodies. in this study, the biochemical and physical characteristics of pepsin-solubilized collagen from the mantle of yesso scallop (ympc), a by-product of processing, was determined. electroph...

BACKGROUND Bivalves play an important role in the ecosystems they inhabit and represent an important food source all over the world. So far limited genetic research has focused on this group of animals largely due to the lack of sufficient genetic or genomic resources. Here, we performed de novo transcriptome sequencing to produce the most comprehensive expressed sequence tag resource for Zhiko...

Non-lethal DNA sampling has long appealed to researchers studying population and conservation genetics, as it does not necessitate removing individuals permanently from their natural environment or destroying valuable samples. However, such an approach has not yet been well established in bivalves. In this study, we demonstrate that the gill represents a good source of tissue for non-lethal sam...