S ilent brain infarction (SBI) is an increasingly recognized, and yet still poorly understood, clinical disorder characterized by the often incidental finding of cerebral infarction on imaging in the absence of clinically apparent neurologi-cal deficit. Although first described ≈50 years ago by Fisher 1 through autopsy studies, it was not until the development of more sensitive imaging modaliti...

AIM To investigate the variation and significance of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue after secondary brain injury (SBI) with seawater immersion in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS We randomly divided 163 male Sprague Dawley rats into 4 groups, as normal (Group A), SBI (Group B), SBI with physiological saline immersion (Group C) and SBI with seawater immersion (G...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and ipsilateral silent brain infarction (SBI) is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis is associated with a greater prevalence of SBI in the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to ICA disease compared with the unaffected, contralateral side. METHODS We identified patients w...

Neurosurgical procedures can cause inevitable brain damage resulting from the procedure itself. Unavoidable cortical and parenchymal incisions, intraoperative hemorrhage, brain lobe retraction and thermal injuries from electrocautery can cause brain injuries attributable exclusively to the neurosurgical operations and collectively referred to as surgical brain injury (SBI). This particular brai...

OBJECTIVES Silent brain infarction (SBI) is of growing interest as a possible risk factor for symptomatic stroke. Although morphological characteristics of SBI have been well defined, their characteristic patterns of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism are in dispute. The purpose of this study was to elucidate CBF and metabolism in patients with SBI in relation to symptomatic stroke. MET...

INTRODUCTION The clinical effect of oral serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) on symptom and disease management in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is reported in this retrospective case series. METHODS A single-center, retrospective chart review of IBD patients [N = 45; Crohn's disease (CD), n = 38 and ulcerative colitis (UC), n = 7] with limited to no resp...

Background: Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI), a specially formulated oral protein source of >50% IgG and ~60% total immunoglobulins, has a multifaceted mechanism of action binding microbial components, maintaining gastrointestinal immune balance, managing gut barrier function and improving nutrient utilization. IBD animal models and a human refractory case study demonst...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Silent brain infarcts (SBI) and white matter lesions are relatively common neuroimaging findings, especially in the elderly population. The genetic background for SBI and white matter lesions in a large Japanese general population was investigated. METHODS Subjects were recruited from participants in the National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of A...

Silent Brain Infarcts (SBI) are associated with an increased risk of subsequent stroke. SBI are incidentally revealed by CT or MRI executed in stroke patients. A prospective study was undertaken involving 200 consecutive patients aged >45 years with brain infarct admitted in University of Alberta Hospital, Canada (100 patients) and Valie-Asr Hospital, Iran (100 patients) in 2003. Patients w...

Objective. Neonates with fever generally undergo a full, invasive septic evaluation to exclude serious bacterial infection (SBI). The risk of SBI in febrile older infants and children with documented respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been found to be negligible. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SBI in febrile infants who were younger than 8 weeks and ...