A switchable contrast mechanism, flow enhanced off-resonance saturation, is presented. This technique combines the effects of flow and off-resonance saturation for remote detection of iron oxide contrast agents incorporated into a vessel wall. Initial results from phantom experiments are presented and show the feasibility of this method. A specific saturation contrast could be observed. This co...

The concept of nitrogen (N) saturation has organized the assessment of N loading in terrestrial ecosystems. Here we extend the concept to lotic ecosystems by coupling Michaelis-Menten kinetics and nutrient spiraling. We propose a series of saturation response types, which may be used to characterize the proximity of streams to N saturation. We conducted a series of short-term N releases using a...

abstractthe valves of right horn of systemic venous sinus are prominent structures within the right atrium during early embryonic period. involution of these structures may not be complete, resulting in a spectrum of anatomical presentations such as cyanosis. a full-term male neonate referred to our hospital for precise evaluation of severe cyanosis on the first day of life. echocardiographic e...

This paper proposes a saturated nonlinear PID regulator for industrial robot manipulators. Our controller considers the natural saturation problem given by the output of the control computer, the saturation phenomena of the internal PI velocity controller in the servo driver, and the actuator torque constraints of the robot manipulator. An approach based on the singular perturbations method is ...

A novel velocity-matched distributed photodetector (VMDP) is proposed to simultaneously achieve high saturation photocurrent and broad bandwidth. Theoretical analysis on the tradeoff between saturation power and bandwidth shows that the VMDP offers fundamental advantages over conventional photodetectors. A comprehensive theoretical model has been developed for the design and simulation of the V...

A novel noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method was developed to determine in vivo blood oxygen saturation and its changes during motor cortex activation in small cerebral veins. Specifically, based on susceptibility measurements in the resting states, pial veins were found to have a mean oxygen saturation of Yrest=0.544+/-0.029 averaged over 14 vessels in 5 volunteers. During activ...

The velocity-matched distributed photodetectors (VMDP) with high saturation power and large bandwidth have been proposed and demonstrated. The theoretical analysis on the trade-off between saturation power and bandwidth shows that VMDP provides fundamental advantages over conventional photodetectors. The theory for designing and simulating the performance of the VMDP is developed comprehensivel...