Beckwith, C. I. The Scythian Empire: Central Eurasia and the Birth of Classical Age from Persia to China. Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2023.

This paper provides an analysis of the reduplicative patterns of Kavalan, an endangered Formosan plains tribe language spoken by fewer than one hundred people on the eastern coast of Taiwan. Kavalan reduplication is special in that the reduplicant takes several distinct shapes depending on the initial syllable of the base (Lee 2009). Within the framework of Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky...

have occasionally added information obtained from other authentic sources, so as to render the text clear and connected throughout. I believe the outbreak to have been a link of the widespread epidemic of 1865, which penetrated into that kingdom by way of Bagdad, on the return of the pilgrims from Mecca, as related in the report of the International Cholera Conference of 1866, which treats of t...

this paper studies two ancient seasonal festivals which were celebrated on summer and winter solstices. because of misconceptions regarding sasanian calendar, these two festivals, known as ābrīzgān and āḍarjašn, have remained unnoticed in modern researches. a sound interpretation of the old iranian calendar as described by biruni would uncover the true character of these festivals. this paper d...