Abstract General type-2 (GT2) fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) become a popular research topic for the past few years. Usually Karnik–Mendel algorithms are most prevalent approach to complete type-reduction. Nonetheless, iterative quality of these types computational intensive might impede applying them. For improved algorithms, some noniterative can enhance calculation efficiencies greatly, while it...

four separate experiments were conducted to study the effects of factors controlling the establishment of explants from two walnut genotypes z60 and z63 (damavand). factors were explant type, sampling time, explant orientation on the growth medium and antioxidants type. the explants were collected from the collection garden of tooyserkan walnuts research station. four explant types (apical meri...

in semiarid regions such as saida, the steppe ecosystem is currently submitted to desertification under the combined effect of human activity and climate change. our study is a contribution to the assessment of the biodiversity of steppe formations through a phytoecological diagnosis at the south zone of the wilaya of saida. to achieve the objective of this study, a methodological approach base...

Much attention has been given to sampling design, and the sampling method chosen directly affects the sampling accuracy. The development of spatial sampling theory has lead to the recognition of the importance of taking spatial dependency into account when sampling. This text uses the new Sandwich Spatial Sampling and Inference (SSSI) software as a tool to compare the relative error, coefficien...

A family of exponential-type estimator for estimating population mean in two-phase sampling when the proportion auxiliary character is available proposed this paper. Theoretically, bias and minimum square error (MSE) are obtained. The expression MSE compared with existing estimators literature. optimum values parameters determined. An empirical study was carried out by comparing some reviewed l...