Na(x) is the sodium-level sensor of body fluids in the brain involved in sodium homeostasis. Na(x)-knockout mice do not stop ingesting salt even when dehydrated. Here we report a case with clinical features of essential hypernatremia without demonstrable hypothalamic structural lesions, who was diagnosed as a paraneoplastic neurologic disorder. The patient had autoantibodies directed against Na...

Intraterrestrial life has been found at depths of several thousand metres in deep sub-sea floor sediments and in the basement crust beneath the sediments. It has also been found at up to 2800-m depth in continental sedimentary rocks, 5300-m depth in igneous rock aquifers and in fluid inclusions in ancient salt deposits from salt mines. The biomass of these intraterrestrial organisms may be equa...

BACKGROUND Most of the haloarchaeal strains have been isolated from hypersaline environments such as solar evaporation ponds, salt lakes, or salt deposits, and they, with some exceptions, lyse or lose viability in very low-salt concentrations. There are no salty environments suitable for the growth of haloarchaea in Japan. Although Natrialba asiatica and Haloarcula japonica were isolated many y...

Contribution of salt wasting and volume depletion to the pathogenesis of hypercalciuria and hyperphosphaturia is poorly understood. Pendrin/NCC double KO (pendrin/NCC-dKO) mice display severe salt wasting under basal conditions and develop profound volume depletion, prerenal renal failure, and metabolic alkalosis and are growth retarded. Microscopic examination of the kidneys of pendrin/NCC-dKO...

THE problem of salt deposits in a present deep-sea basin has been discussed recently in the case of the Atlantic Oceanl. In this article we present new data on the salt layer in the Western Mediterranean Basin. In the Balearic Basin and the Ligurian Sea, anticline structures and dornes disturbing the upper part of the sedimentary cover have been reported by Alinat and Cousteauz, Menard et aL3, ...

Rifted margins are often associated with widespread and thick evaporite (salt) deposits pronounced salt tectonics. The largest basins form during the latest stages of rifting, immediately prior to continental breakup. Salt tectonics along these commonly exhibit structural domains characterized by gravity-driven updip extension, translation, downdip shortening, nappe advance. precise spatial tem...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of calcium phosphate mineral salt accumulation in degenerative supraspinatus 'tendinitis' compared with a normal sample of human tendons, and to determine whether there is an association of calcium salt deposition with pathological changes in the tendon extracellular matrix. METHODS Cadaver tendons (supraspinatus and common biceps tendons, n = 96) and ...

Background Gypsum, or calcium sulfate dihydrate, (CaSO4 l 2H2O) is the major component of drywall, or gypsum board, core. It is a naturally occurring mineral, deposited largely as a result of the evaporation of water in ancient inland seas, which contained large amounts of dissolved gypsum. For example, the evaporation of a typical 20,000 gallon residential swimming pool filled with seawater wi...