The environmental problems of paper board industry are not limited by the high water consumption, generate wastewaters and solid wastes. This paper presents the paper board industry effluent treatment plant components performance and physio-chemical characteristics of wastewater and sludge. In ETP operation most important factors is effluent characterization, flow rate, aeration tank dissolved ...

today many countries have water shortage problems, so most of them compel to resort to desalination processes. this paper describes the effect of indirect contact freezing by external cooling for desalination of seawater and brackish water. although various types of processes are introduced for desalination and such processes as reverse osmosis (ro) and multi-effect distillation (med) are used ...

The Ningxia Plain, situated in the arid zone of northwest China, is a typical dryland plain that faces significant challenges to sustainable agricultural development due soil salinization. In this study, we employed multivariate analysis and geostatistical methods investigate degree distribution types salinization hydrochemical characteristics shallow groundwater. We also examined relationship ...

Abstract. Over the last decades, economic developments in Vietnamese Mekong Delta have led to a sharp increase groundwater pumping for domestic, agricultural and industrial use. This has resulted alarming rates of land subsidence salinization. Effective management, including strategies work towards sustainable use, requires knowledge about current salinity distribution, particular available vol...

Salinization of groundwater in semiarid regions, as a limiting factor of use, has a strategic importance. In this study, the sources of salinity, chemistry and Quality of groundwater in Robat – Khorramabad plain have been identified using geochemical methods. Using data analysis, the concentration of cations and anions are recognized as Ca2+>Na+ >Mg2+>K+ and HCO3-> Cl-> SO42+> NO3-> F-. High co...