Discovered more than 100 years ago, the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) was long believed to act as an intracellular second messenger, modulating many biological processes, including calcium mobilization, cell growth, differentiation, survival, motility, and cytoskeleton organization (1). The discovery that a protein whose expression was upregulated during endoth...

Background: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been identified as a prominent signaling molecule that regulates the fundamental functions of keratinocytes and other skin immune cells. S1P can be generated inside by sphingosine kinases, but it also in intercellular space due to endogenous commensal bacterial ceramidase activity. interaction with its receptor S1PR2 epidermis maintains permeability...

S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) receptor expression and the effects of S1P on migration were studied in one papillary (NPA), two follicular (ML-1, WRO) and two anaplastic (FRO, ARO) thyroid cancer cell lines, as well as in human thyroid cells in primary culture. Additionally, the effects of S1P on proliferation, adhesion and calcium signalling were addressed in ML-1 and FRO cells. All cell types ...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that signals through a family of G proteincoupled receptors, consisting of 5 members, termed S1P1, S1P2, S1P3, S1P4 and S1P5. Activation of S1P results in the regulation of several cellular functions, including cell proliferation, process retraction, cell survival and migration. Deregulation of S1P receptor expression and/or the S1P signaling p...

Purpose To investigate levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in aqueous fluid samples taken before and after filtration surgery and S1P-induced human conjunctival fibroblast (HCF) responses. Methods Levels of S1P and its related sphingophospholipids in aqueous fluid obtained immediately before and after filtration surgery were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. HC...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressively invasive brain neoplasm with poor patient prognosis. We have previously shown that the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) stimulates in vitro invasiveness of GBM cells and that high expression levels of the enzyme that forms S1P, sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1), correlate with shorter survival time of GBM patients. We also recently showed...

To maintain an intact barrier, epithelia eliminate dying cells by extrusion. During extrusion, a cell destined for apoptosis signals its neighboring cells to form and contract a ring of actin and myosin, which squeezes the dying cell out of the epithelium. Here, we demonstrate that the signal produced by dying cells to initiate this process is sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Decreasing S1P synth...

PURPOSE Previous studies suggest that Dupuytren's disease is caused by fibroblast and myofibroblast contractility within Dupuytren's nodules; however, the stimulus for cell contractility is unknown. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a serum-derived lysophospholipid mediator that enhances cell contractility by activating the S1P receptor, S1P(2). It is hypothesized that S1P stimulates Dupuytren's...

A recent perspective published in Frontiers of Pharmacology by Salomone and Waeber (2011) discussed the selectivity and specificity of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor ligands. This perspective surveyed the use of various S1P receptor ligands and attempted to reconcile a number of inconsistencies in the predicted biological outcomes: these were interpreted as "off-target" effects. Therefo...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid mediator carried by the HDL-associated apoM protein in blood, regulating many physiological processes by activating the G protein-coupled S1P receptor in mammals. Despite the solved crystal structure of the apoM-S1P complex, the mechanism of S1P release from apoM as a part of the S1P pathway is unknown. Here, the dynamics of the wild type apoM...