abstract background: thyroglossal duct cysts (tdc) are the most common congenital neck masses arising from the expansion of the epithelial tract remnants occurring during embryogenic thyroid migration. about 7% of the population have thyroglossal duct remnants. clinical presentation is frequent in children, but adults can also present with thyroglossal duct cysts. thyroglossal duct cysts may ra...

thyroglossal duct cysts are the most common form of congenital cysts on the neck. the incidence of thyroid papillary carcinoma in thyroglossal duct cyst is less than 1%. in most cases the diagnosis is made postoperatively. we present a 22-year-old female with thyroid papillary carcinoma arising from thyroglossal duct cyst,identified in pathologic study after sistrunk operation.in our case there...

background and objectives: primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (pando) is a common ocular problem. clinical presentation can range from simple tearing to a life-threatening condition. the exact pathophysiology of obstruction is not completely understood. in this study, therelationship between pando and nasal mucosal goblet cells was investigated.  materials & methods: in this ca...

In hot and dry climates, evaporative cooling of the air by water spray can be applied in several requirements, such as condensers which airflow is precooled before it reaches condenser. The interaction between droplets a complicated two-phase flow that affected parameters. Here, an Eulerian-Lagrangian 3D model was developed to investigate influence important parameters on performance rectangula...

pancreatic stent proximal migration is a well known complication of pancreatic duct stenting, which occurs in about 5-6% of cases. serious complications should be avoided by retrieval of the stent via different endoscopic techniques. we report a new technique previously reported only once (in a pancreatic duct with underlying pathology), to remove the proximally migrated pancreatic stent in a n...