Life-long hematopoietic demands are filled by a pool of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with self-renewal and multipotential differentiation ability. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at low and moderate levels is required for HSC activity. However, a sustained, abnormal increase in ROS production occurs under aging and genotoxic stress, which inhibits HSC self-renewal and induces HSC ...

Rusts are important pathogens of angiosperms and gymnosperms including cereal crops and forest trees. With respect to cereals, rust fungi are among the most important pathogens. Cereal rusts are heteroecious and macrocyclic requiring two taxonomically unrelated hosts to complete a five spore stage life cycle. Cereal rust fungi are highly variable for virulence and molecular polymorphism. Leaf r...

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal grown in the highlands of Ethiopia. Various biotic and abiotic stresses affected production productivity wheat. From stresses, yellow rust stem disease that caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici graminis are among devastating bottlenecks. Therefore, a field experiment was done at two highland Guji zone (Bore Ana Sora) unde...

Rusts are one of the most severe threats to cereal crops because new pathogen races emerge regularly, resulting in infestations that lead to large yield losses. In 1999, a new race of stem rust, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt TTKSK or Ug99), was discovered in Uganda. Most of the wheat and barley cultivars grown currently worldwide are susceptible to this new race. Pgt TTKSK has already s...