Background: Knee extension torque control decreases after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. There is a controversy in neuromuscular control changes on the uninvolved side. We intended to evaluate the steadiness and accuracy of quadriceps muscle control in the healthy and deficient sides of people with acute ACL rupture.    Methods: In this cross-sectional study, thirteen men with ACL r...

The highly controversial force-induced cycloreversion of 1,2,3-triazole, its well-known retro-click reaction, is shown to be possible only for 1,5-substituted triazoles, but competes with rupture of an adjacent singlebond. We draw this conclusion from both static and dynamic calculations under external mechanical forces applied to unsubstituted and 1,4and 1,5-substituted triazoles. The JEDI (Ju...

Macromolecular binding forces between single protein-ligand pairs have been directly measured with the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) in several recent experiments. In a typical measurement, the AFM probe, or cantilever, is attached to the ligand and exerts a disruptive force on the bond between the macromolecular pair while the receptor is held fixed; the probe is then moved away from the subst...

Strong mechanical forces can, obviously, disrupt cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, e.g., cyclic uniaxial stretch induces instability of cell adhesion, which then causes the reorientation of cells away from the stretching direction. However, recent experiments also demonstrated the existence of force dependent adhesion growth (rather than dissociation). To provide a quantitative explanation f...

energy equation for turbulent flow in a rotating system was derived in terms of second order correlation tensors, where the correlation tensors were functions of space coordinates, distance between two points and time. to reveal the relationship of turbulent energy between two points, one point was taken as origin of the coordinate system. due to rotation, the coriolis force played an important...

The tearing and healing of a one-dimensional crack in a solid, in the presence of external tectonic forces, pre-stress, static friction, cohesion and dynamic friction is investigated. It is found that cohesive forces have a strong influence on the velocity of rupture; the velocity of rupture is always less than or equal to the velocity of sound. The extension of the crack ceases either when the...

PURPOSE Ballistic studies were conducted using gelatin-embedded abattoir-fresh porcine eyes suspended within clear acrylic orbits to discern the energy required to produce specific ocular injuries. Paintball impact provides a robust ballistic model for isolating and quantifying the role of direct blunt force in ocular trauma. METHODS Fifty-nine porcine orbital preparations received direct blo...

evaluation of mechanical and electrical properties of agricultural products plays an important role in equipment design and optimizing post-harvest operations. among the crops, tomato and its products are the major processing industries in the world and its economic importance is increasing. considering the importance of the quality and various post harvesting uses of tomato, the evaluation of ...

We have used temperature-dependent single molecule force spectroscopy to stretch covalently anchored carboxymethylated amylose (CMA) polymers attached to an amino-functionalized AFM cantilever. Using an Arrhenius kinetics model based on a Morse potential as a one-dimensional representation of covalent bonds, we have extracted kinetic and structural parameters of the bond rupture process. With 3...

crops and agricultural products are subject to natural loading during growth. different mechanical forces are also exerted on them during harvest. one product, sugar cane, experiences large shear forces are during harvest. an examination of the crop properties and machine parameters of sugar cane are necessary to develop appropriate cutting tools and the optimization and design of harvesting ma...