نتایج جستجو برای: rumen microorganism

تعداد نتایج: 44546  

Journal: :Current opinion in microbiology 2011
David B Wilson

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by microorganisms is a key step in the global carbon cycle. Despite its abundance only a small percentage of microorganisms can degrade cellulose, probably because it is present in recalcitrant cell walls. There are at least five distinct mechanisms used by different microorganisms to degrade cellulose all of which involve cellulases. Cellulolytic organisms and...

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2013
Aaron Weimann Yulia Trukhina Phillip B Pope Sebastian GA Konietzny Alice C McHardy

BACKGROUND Understanding the biological mechanisms used by microorganisms for plant biomass degradation is of considerable biotechnological interest. Despite of the growing number of sequenced (meta)genomes of plant biomass-degrading microbes, there is currently no technique for the systematic determination of the genomic components of this process from these data. RESULTS We describe a compu...

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1999
J. V. NOLAN

Current systems for the evaluation of protein-feeds for ruminants take account of two principal nitrogen (N) requirements. One is to satisfy the needs of the rumen micro-organisms in order to maximize. microbial protein yield this N can largely be provided in any form that will give rise to enough ammonia in rumen fluid. The other N requirement is for a dietary source of true protein that wi,ll...

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1999
J. A. HEMSLEY

Purified diets were offered to sheep ad libitum in two experiments. Urea was the main source of nitrogen, while energy was supplied as cellulose (20 to 72% ), starch (0 to 32% ) , or sucrose (0 to 35%) . The data indicated that (a) cellulose could serve as a suitable sole source of energy for rumen microbial synthesis, and (b) diets composed largely of cellulose, urea, and minerals could mainta...

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2000
R. M. Dixon S. Chanchai

Six mature sheep were fed restricted amounts of either a medium quality roughage or a 1 : 1 mixture of the roughage and barley grain. Disappearance of DM of three roughages (barley straw, oat hay and lucerne hay) from synthetic ®bre bags incubated in the rumen for 6 and 24 h was determined. Also, during intraruminal infusions of NH4C1, synthetic ®bre bags containing each of the three roughages ...

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2014
Germán D Mendoza Octavio Loera-Corral Fernando X Plata-Pérez Pedro A Hernández-García Mónica Ramírez-Mella

Digestion of cell wall fractions of forage in the rumen is incomplete due to the complex links which limit their degradation. It is therefore necessary to find options to optimize the use of forages in ruminant production systems. One alternative is to use exogenous enzymes. Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes are of fungal or bacterial origin and increase nutrient availability from the cell wall, whi...

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2016
Y. Castillo-Castillo O. Ruiz-Barrera M.E. Burrola-Barraza Y. Marrero-Rodriguez J. Salinas-Chavira C. Angulo-Montoya A. Corral-Luna C. Arzola-Alvarez M. Itza-Ortiz J. Camarillo

Solid-state fermentation can be used to produce feeds for ruminants, which can provide an enriched population of yeasts to improve ruminal fermentation. Fermentation of apple bagasse was performed to obtain a yeast-rich product, with the objective of isolating, identifying, and characterizing yeast strains and testing their capability to enhance in vitro ruminal fermentation of fibrous feeds. Y...

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Journal: :Journal of bacteriology 2011
Garret Suen David M Stevenson David C Bruce Olga Chertkov Alex Copeland Jan-Feng Cheng Chris Detter John C Detter Lynne A Goodwin Cliff S Han Loren J Hauser Natalia N Ivanova Nikos C Kyrpides Miriam L Land Alla Lapidus Susan Lucas Galina Ovchinnikova Sam Pitluck Roxanne Tapia Tanja Woyke Julie Boyum David Mead Paul J Weimer

Ruminococcus albus 7 is a highly cellulolytic ruminal bacterium that is a member of the phylum Firmicutes. Here, we describe the complete genome of this microbe. This genome will be useful for rumen microbiology and cellulosome biology and in biofuel production, as one of its major fermentation products is ethanol.

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Journal: :The British journal of nutrition 1986
P McDonald N F Suttle

1. Four experiments, each with four concurrent continuous cultures of rumen micro-organisms, were used to investigate the effects of inoculum, food substrate and cobalt supplementation on the course of fermentation and vitamin B12 synthesis. The inocula came from sheep receiving either a Co-rich, complete diet (Ruminant A: Expts 1, 2 and 4) or a Co-deficient hay (Expt 3). In Expt 2, inocula fro...

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Journal: :Applied microbiology 1971
D E Wright

Rumen microorganisms rapidly metabolize citric acid to carbon dioxide and acetic acid. The rate of metabolism varied between 0.00008 and 0.76 mumoles per g per min, the rate becoming higher as the citric acid concentration increased. The addition of potassium chloride to rumen contents decreased the rate of utilization. The results indicate that dietary citric acid is unlikely to accumulate in ...

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