WILLIAMS, P. P. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Md.), J. GUTIERREZ, AND R. E. DAVIS. Lipid metabolism of rumen ciliates and bacteria. II. Uptake of fatty acids and lipid analysis of Isotricha intestinalis and rumen bacteria with further information on Entodinium simplex. Appl. Microbiol. 11:260-264. 1963.-The total lipid and free fatty acid contents of Isotricha intestinalis, Entod...

Here we present the draft genome of Synergistes jonesii 78-1, ATCC 49833, a member of the Synergistes phylum. This organism was isolated from the rumen of a Hawaiian goat and ferments pyridinediols. The assembly contains 2,747,397 bp in 61 contigs.

Control of the rumen fermentation needs a basic knowledge of the rumen microbes. This short paper provides a few examples of work on the types and metabolic characteristics of the organisms and the influence of external conditions on their growth and metabolism. The term ‘fermentation patterns’ in the rumen is generally understood to denote principally the proportions of three volatile fatty ac...

The pre-weaning period is crucial for rumen developmental plasticity, which can have a long-term impact on animal performance. Understanding the rumen microbiota during early life is important to elucidate its potential role in rumen development. In this study, the rumen microbiota of 10-day-old Hu lambs fed either milk replacer (B10), milk replacer and starter (STA) or milk replacer and starte...

Background Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is an agricultural byproduct containing alkylphenols that has been shown to favorably change the rumen fermentation pattern only under experimentally fixed feeding conditions. Investigation of CNSL potency in rumen modulation under a variety of feeding regimens, and evidence leading to the understanding of CNSL action are obviously necessary for further...

Volume and type of medium, carbohydrate concentration, carbohydrate ratios, and inoculum level were investigated as possible factors influencing total colony counts of anaerobic rumen bacteria obtained in roll tubes (18 by 150 mm). Colony counts were lower when the rumen fluid was clarified by centrifugation before inclusion in the medium; however, decreasing the volume of 40% rumen fluid gluco...

The aim of this study was to detect the major bacteria present in rumen microbiota. Here, we performed qPCR based absolute quantitation of selected rumen microbes in rumen fluid of river buffalo adapted to varying proportion of concentrate to roughage diets. Animals were adapted to roughage-to-concentrate ratio in the proportion of 100:00 (T1), 75:25 (T2), 50:50 (T3) and 25:75 (T4) respectively...

Rumen methanogenesis represents an energy waste for the ruminant and an important source of greenhouse gas; thus, integrated studies are needed to fully understand this process. Eight fauna-free sheep were used to investigate the effect of successive inoculation with holotrich protozoa then with total fauna on rumen methanogenesis. Holotrichs inoculation neither altered rumen fermentation rate ...

Four sheep, each fitted with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum, were given two diets (1390 g dry matter (DM)/d) consisting of lucerne (Medicago sativa) pellets (24.2 g nitrogen/kg DM) plus pelleted reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea; 14.1 g N/kg DM) or chopped hay (11.8 g N/kg DM) at intervals of 2 h. Flow of duodenal digesta measured by reference to the markers 51Cr-EDTA and 103...

A highly specific medium was developed for the enumeration of lactate-utilizing bacteria in the rumen of sheep. This medium, which contained 2.0% lactate, 2.0% Trypticase, 0.2% yeast extract, and volatile fatty acids, hemin, and trace elements in place of rumen fluid, enabled high counts (42 x 10 to 190 x 10/g of ingesta) of lactate-utilizing bacteria to be made with a high degree of specificit...