. Although variation in RRT incidence rate exists within the four countries of the UK, the overall RRT incidence, reported for the first time this year, appears similar to that observed in a number of demographically similar countries around the world. . Examining the UK alongside the six comparator countries, different patterns of RRT incidence were observed across the age bands and variation ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the status of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the post-Soviet countries. We therefore investigated the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of RRT in Ukrainian patients and put the results into an international perspective. METHODS Data from the Ukrainian National Renal Registry for patients on RRT between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2012 were selected. W...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication among critically ill patents, and 5% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients require initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). In recent years, clinical trials have provided evidence-based guidance for some important aspects of RRT management in patients with AKI, such as dialysis dosing and approaches to anticoagulation in patients undergoi...

Many studies on the most 'adequate' dose of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury have obtained contradictory results. The previous issue of Critical Care reports a multi-centre study showing that a higher than conventional dose of RRT, whether continuous RRT or intermittent RRT, is not associated with better survival of these patients. This comment...

BACKGROUND Many patients with advanced chronic kidney disease are referred late to renal units. This is associated with negative aspects. The purpose of the present study was to characterize late versus early referrals for renal replacement therapy including their renal disease, health care contacts and medical treatment before renal replacement therapy (RRT) and the consequences for RRT modali...

Renouncement of renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a medical dilemma. This review covers the concept, the magnitude, the prognosis, and discusses strategies and management approaches about this subject in patients with CKD and AKI. Evidence suggests that refusal is more frequent and carries a more guarded prognosis than withdrawal of RRT. When RRT is not expected to be beneficial in terms of su...

This paper presents an approach for learning robot navigation behaviors from demonstration using Optimal Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT∗) as main planner. A new learning algorithm combining both Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) and RRT∗ is developed in order to learn the RRT∗’s cost function from demonstrations. This cost function can be used later in a regular RRT∗ for robot planning ...

potential risks such as hypotension, catheter-related complications, hemorrhage and blood–extracorporeal circuit interactions. Several studies, however, have shown that early RRT in acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with a better outcome in intensive care unit (ICU) patients [1-3]. A recent retrospective study published in Critical Care has questioned the use of RRT in critically ill pati...

BACKGROUND Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a major cause of renal failure. Sera of some FSGS patients increase glomerular albumin permeability (Palb) during in vitro testing and cause proteinuria in experimental animals. OBJECTIVES To determine whether permeability activity of FSGS serum (Palb activity) is associated with rate of progression to renal replacement therapy (RRT). ...

Many sampling based algorithms have been introduced recently. Among them Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT) is one of the quickest and the most efficient obstacle free path finding algorithm. Although it ensures probabilistic completeness, it cannot guarantee finding the most optimal path. Rapidly Exploring Random Tree Star (RRT*), a recently proposed extension of RRT, claims to achieve conver...