The process using lignosulfonates for acidic rock drainage (ARD) treatment is referred to as the Lignor TM process. Lignosulfonates are waste by-products produced in the sulfite pulping process. The present study has shown lignosulfonates are able to protect lime from developing an external surface coating, and hence to favor its dissociation. Further, the addition of lignosulfonates to ARD sol...

BACKGROUND Several abiotic processes leading to the formation of life-like signatures or later contamination with actual biogenic traces can blur the interpretation of the earliest fossil record. In recent years, a large body of evidence showing the occurrence of diverse and active microbial communities in the terrestrial subsurface has accumulated. Considering the time elapsed since Archaean s...

A noise effect arising in the rock cutting process is gaining a large attention as to the identification and optimization of the cutting process. The sense experience acquired during the experiments in the process of rotary rock drilling related to the determination of rock type or to the optimal drilling regime determination is formed due to sense perception, mainly hearing, and its further ev...

This work deals with a sawing task performed by two cooperating arms. For the sawing task to follow a line in a horizontal plane, three directional motions have to be controlled (i. e., two translational motions and one rotational motion). A [so, a certain level of force has to be controlled toward the vertical direction not to loose the contact with the object to be sawn. The two-arm system un...

Precisely describing the formation and evolution rules of coal-rock fracturing crack have great value on reservoir fracturing improvement and highly efficient mining of coal bed methane well. In this paper, a non-linear dynamic method is used to study crack damage evolution behavior of coal-rock fracturing. Considering distribution characteristics of natural cracks in coal-rock, and based on da...

The migration process of contamination materials in the porous rock mass was visualized and analyzed by X-ray CT image data. In this study, Kimachi sandstone, which had approximately 26% porosity, was used as a rock sample. Here two cases of diffusion phenomena were analyzed. One is the case that solute diffuses into the porous rock mass from the crack surfaces, and it simulates the contaminati...

[1] Experimental data for alteration of synthetic Martian basalts at pH = 0–1 indicate that chemical fractionations at low pH are vastly different from those observed during terrestrial weathering. Rock surface analyses from Gusev crater are well described by the relationships apparent from low-pH experimental alteration data. A model for rock surface alteration is developed, which indicates th...

In this paper, a method for utilizing knot information from computed tomography (CT) scanning of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) logs was evaluated. A high speed industrial CT scanner is being developed, which will enable scanning of logs in sawmills at production speed. This development calls for the ability to optimize breakdown parameters in a quick manner because there are many decisions t...

I wish to inform you of the release of the draft 'Western Rock Lobster Fishery Ecological Risk Assessment 2005 Report – July 2005' for a three-week public consultation period. Please find attached the report for your consideration. This report provides background on the western rock lobster fishery, its governance, the reporting requirements for the Ecologically Sustainable Development process ...