Consecutive patient cultures (140) of Mycobacteriium tuberculosis were collected from five Russian civilian and prison tuberculosis laboratories and analyzed for rifampin (rpoB) and isoniazid resistance (inhA, katG, ahpC); transmission of Beijing family isolates; and the importance of prison and previous therapy in drug resistance. Rifampin, isoniazid, and multidrug resistance occurred in 58.2%...

Rifampin was incorporated into Middlebrook 7H10 medium either by adding an aliquot of the antibiotic into melted agar (final concentration 1.0 and 3.0 mug/ml) or by submerging a 5 or 15 mug of rifampin paper disk into 5 ml of melted agar contained in one quadrant of a Felson "X" plate. At intervals, plugs of agar were removed from the stored plates and assayed. Plates stored at 5 C for 28 days ...

Rifampin, a member of the rifamycin class of antibiotics, is well known for its ability to induce drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, through activation of the pregnane X receptor. Available data suggest rifampin entry into hepatocytes may be transporter-mediated. Accordingly, it is therefore plausible that modulation of the achievable intracellular concentration of rifampin by drug upt...

BACKGROUND Rifampin has been studied as prophylaxis against Staphylococcus aureus-related infections in patients on dialysis. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effectiveness and safety of oral rifampin with another regimen or no therapy in reducing S. aureus-related infections in dialysis patients. RESULTS Four RCTs evaluated oral ...

The treatment of latent tuberculosis is part of the strategy to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) in low incidence countries.1 Ten to 15 million people in the United States have latent TB, and about 300,000 Americans are treated for it each year.2 The currently recommended treatments for latent TB include using the drugs isoniazid, rifampin, and rifapentine plus isoniazid.3,4 Rifampin was discovered ...

Drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral medications and rifampin complicate the treatment of HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. This study evaluated the effect of rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of oral cabotegravir, an integrase strand transfer inhibitor being investigated for long-acting treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. This was a phase I, single-center, open-label, fixed-se...

A two year, 10 month-old child was referred to a tertiary allergy clinic following an adverse reaction to rifampin. Her mother had isoniazid-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The child was born in Canada, was asymptomatic, had a normal chest x-ray and liver enzymes. Mantoux induration was 17 mm. The child was prescribed oral rifampin, 150 mg per day for 3 months. Thirty minutes after ingesting ...

Mycobacterium abscessus exhibits arr (ADP-ribosyltransferase)-dependent rifampin resistance. In apparent contrast, rifabutin (RBT) has demonstrated promising activity in M. infection models, implying that RBT might not be inactivated by Arr.

We compared ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and gentamicin treatments, alone and in combination, for 5 days in the therapy of experimental aortic valve endocarditis in rats caused by a clinical isolate of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. The MICs and MBCs of vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and gentamicin were 250 and > 1,000, 3.1 and 6.3, 0.098 and 1.6, and 12.5 and > 50 micrograms/ml, ...