BACKGROUND The degree of recovery of regional myocardial contraction during coronary venous retroperfusion has not been well established, particularly in the absence of coronary collateral channels. Therefore, the maximal functional benefit attainable with coronary venous retroperfusion was assessed in pigs by means of using selective pump retroperfusion of the left anterior descending vein, wi...

Fungus balls rarely cause upper urinary tract obstruction, and they are most often found in patients with diabetes mellitus or impaired immunity. The computed tomography (CT) findings of fungal bezoars of the urinary tract are nonspecific and have rarely been described, while in most cases, radiolucent filling defects are observed on excretory or retrograde urography. Here, an unusual case of a...

Biotinylated compounds are commonly used to label neuronal cell bodies via intracellular filling or retrograde tracing. Endogenous concentrations of biotin within a subset of neuronal cell bodies would pose a problem for interpreting such experiments. Here I report that a subset of turtle spinal cord neuronal cell bodies strongly stains for biotin, using the avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase...

Third generation cementing technique is now commonly used for total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this technique is to sufficiently pressurise the cement and allow maximal penetration of the cement into any remaining trabecular bone to provide a stable fixation of the prosthesis. We report a case where this pressurisation resulted in polymethylmethacrylate retrograde filling of the nutrient vess...

angle. Intravenous and retrograde pyelography showed a filling defect in the renal pelvis, and the isotope renogram suggested impaired renal function. A definitive diagnosis was only made after renal angiography. It is thought in this case that the carcinoma must have caused the haematuria previously investigated and probably at that stage caused radiological changes which were mistaken as bein...

inflammatory external root resorption (ierr) after orthodontic treatments is an unusual complication. this case report describes a non-vital maxillary premolar with symptomatic extensive ierr (with a crown/root ratio of 1:1) after receiving orthodontic treatment. the first appointment included drainage, chemo-mechanical preparation of the canal and intra-canal medication with calcium hydroxide ...

BACKGROUND The formation of bile duct bezoars is a rare event. Its occurrence when there is no history of choledochoenteric anastomosis or duodenal diverticulum constitutes an extremely scarce finding. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of obstructive jaundice, caused by the concretion of enteric material (bezoars) in the common bile duct following choledochoduodenal fistula development. Six...

We have studied the infrared trigemino-tectal pathway of the rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis) and the python (P. reticulatus). In the rattlesnake, horseradish perosidase (HRP) injections into the nucleus reticularis caloris (RC) result in retrograde filling of cells in the ipsilateral nucleus of the lateral descending trigeminal tract (LTTD) and in the anterograde labelling of terminal fields in ...