OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness, in terms of pain relief and akinesia of retrobulbar and subconjunctival an aesthesia during cataract surgery and also to compare the degree of postoperative ptosis associated with each technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive adult patients undergoing cataract surgery between March and June 2008 at the Guinness Eye Center Onitsha, were randomized i...

BACKGROUND Addition of some neuromuscular blockers to local anesthetics proved to be effective in improving the quality of anesthesia in different regional techniques. This study was carried out to determine whether the addition of low-dose atracurium to a local anesthetic has any effect on the onset and duration of akinesia in retrobulbar block. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was conducted ...

Although inferior alveolar nerve block is one of the most common procedures performed at dental clinics, complications or adverse effects can still occur. On rare occasions, ocular disturbances, such as diplopia, blurred vision, amaurosis, mydriasis, abnormal pupillary light reflex, retrobulbar pain, miosis, and enophthalmos, have also been reported after maxillary and mandibular anesthesia. Ge...

Knowledge of the anatomy of the body is essential when carrying out invasive procedures. The orbital anatomy is particularly interesting as it allows some neurovascular structures to be subjected to the effects of local anaesthetic while sparing others. There are also serious potential complications from retrobulbar injections. This review takes an in depth look at the anatomy of the orbit, the...

abstract background and aim: consider ing based on the presence or absence of swelling of the optic disc, optic neuritis classified nto two types of anterior and retrobulbar optic neuritis. the aim of this study was to compare the visual functions of patients with anterior optic neuritis and retrobulbar optic neuritis. materials and methods:this cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 patient...

PURPOSE To present clinical features of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) following retrobulbar anesthesia for intraocular surgery. METHODS This observational case series describes 5 consecutive patients with acute CRAO following retrobulbar anesthesia for intraocular surgery. Data collected for this study included subject characteristics, retrobulbar anesthesia technique, treatment typ...