Among Medical products, jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is very important due to its very high nutritional value. Jujube as one of the most valuable medicinal plants can play an important role in Iran's non-oil exports. In spite of this fact, unfortunately, the production, distribution and marketing of this product are confronted with a number of obstacles. Therefore, this study can help for ide...

In the period from 2003-2011 in the Austrian retail gasoline market remarkable movements have been noticed. A short analysis shows that 10.9% of the stations had left the market and a percentage of 29.6% had either left the market or had changed the brand. This paper provides empirical insight for drivers of this process. A special characteristic of this market is the local competition structur...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: D82 D83 Q49 L11 L12 L94 Keywords: Price pass-through Norwegian electricity market Price asymmetry Market power Transmission lag In this paper we estimate the pass-through of wholesale electricity price to the end consumer price with variable price contracts in the Norwegian electricity market using weekly data. We find substantial asymmetry when retaile...

We assess competition among retail depository institutions in 1,884 rural markets. We estimate an equilibrium market structure model that endogenizes the operating decisions of three types of depository institutions: multimarket banks, single-market banks, and thrift institutions. Observed market structures and a game-theoretic specification of entry behavior identify the parameters of an under...

high and increasing beef marketing margin leads one to controversy about factors affecting it. this study using the monthly data for the 1998-2005 period to investigate the market power and to estimate how farm and marketing services supplies and retail demand determinants can affect beef marketing margin. the results show that farm, marketing services and retail level prices and thereby ma...

This study examines how much, if any, of the differences in retail gasoline prices between markets is attributable to differences in the composition of vertical contract types at gasoline stations in each market. The purchase of the independent retail gasoline chain, Thrifty, by ARCO provides a unique opportunity to examine the effects of changes in different vertical contract types on local re...

This study examines how much, if any, of the differences in retail gasoline prices between markets is attributable to differences in the composition of vertical contract types at gasoline stations in each market. The purchase of the independent retail gasoline chain, Thrifty, by ARCO provides a unique opportunity to examine the effects of changes in different vertical contract types on local re...

perc.tamu.edu 1 any states have opened retail electricity markets to competition so that households can choose their electricity provider. As a result, consumers have the ability to choose their retail provider at unregulated prices, creating new markets where entrant retailers procure wholesale energy and market that energy to consumers. Across the world, the retail electricity sector is being...

According to IDC, there will be 30 billion connected things by 20201. The Internet of Things market for retail is expected to grow at a CAGR of 48.36% for the period 2014-2019 according to MordorIntelligence2. The adoption of IoT to create a more intelligent and connected retail ecosystem is referred to as the Internet of Retail Things (IoRT). By delivering networked information to relevant sys...

The state-monopolised system of vegetable retail in socialist urban China has transformed into a market-based system run by profit-driven actors. Publicly owned wet markets not only declined in number after the state relegated its construction to market forces, but were also thoroughly privatised, becoming venues of capital accumulation for the market operators now controlling these properties....