Interactions between photosynthetic substrate supply and temperature in determining the rate of three respiration components (leaf, belowground and ecosystem respiration) were investigated within three environmentally controlled, Populus deltoides forest bays at Biosphere 2, Arizona. Over 2 months, the atmospheric CO2 concentration and air temperature were manipulated to test the following hypo...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine response patterns and mechanisms of soil respiration to precipitation increases in subtropical regions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Field plots in three typical forests [i.e. pine forest (PF), broadleaf forest (BF), and pine and broadleaf mixed forest (MF)] in subtropical China were exposed under either Double Precipitation (DP) treatment o...

background: sheep are a form of investment and a quickly liquidatable resource, particularly in traditional and low income production systems. tropical and long warm-season regions always affect sheep production negatively. methods: in this experiment 15 female and 7 male sheep were chosen and their body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate measurements and blood sample for biochemical par...

Rising temperatures and nutrient enrichment are co-occurring global-change drivers that stimulate microbial respiration of detrital carbon, but nutrient effects on the temperature dependence of respiration in aquatic ecosystems remain uncertain. We measured respiration rates associated with leaf litter, wood, and fine benthic organic matter (FBOM) across seasonal temperature gradients before (P...

A starving bacterial cell may continue to respire for some time; Mycobacterium tuberculosis for example, retained an appreciable respiration, even after starving for 15 days, (Loebel, Shorr and Richardson, 1933). Stier and Stannard (1935) found that the respiration of yeast was also resistant to starvation, and proposed the term "endogenous respiration" to describe the respiration of starved ce...

This study aimed to separate the respective contributions of root and microbial respiration to soil respiration in a rape field in Southwest China. The soil respiration was measured with a closed chamber technique and a regression method was used to apportion root and microbial respiration. Microbial and root respiration ranged from 70.67 to 183.77 mg CO2/m 2/h and 21.99 to 193.09 mg CO2/m 2/h,...

To determine effects of stem nitrogen concentration ([N]) on the seasonal course of respiration, rates of stem respiration of ten control and ten irrigated-fertilized (IL), 30-year-old Norway spruce trees (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), growing in northern Sweden, were measured on seven occasions from June 1993 to April 1994. To explore sources of seasonal variation and mechanisms of fertilization e...

lowering the arms gave still less favourable results. Howard's direct method of alternately compressing the lower chest wall by the spread hands and letting go sharply was found to cause a much larger air entry, but still below the normal; but it is conducted in the supine attitude which, in many cases, as in drowning, prevent other useful indications from being fulfilled and is sometimes subje...

Respiratory carbon losses from a mixed oak forest ecosystem following experimental manipulations were examined for their magnitudes and biophysical regulations. To quantify these losses, respiration measurements from chamber-based ecosystem components of sapwood, snags, down-logs, and soil, using chamber-based methods, were collected from experimental stands 8 yr after the manipulations of: non...

We estimated total ecosystem respiration from a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) plantation in the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Georgetown, California, from June to October, 1998. We apportioned ecosystem respiration among heterotrophic, root, stem and foliage based on relationships for each component that considered microclimate and vegetation characteristics. We measured each ...