an extended octagonal ring (eor) transducer was designed and developed to measure forces inside the compression chamber of a large square baler in different directions. the transducer was calibrated by applying forces in three directions simultaneously and independently. the sensor revealed excellent linearity along with small cross sensitivities. horizontal and vertical primary sensitivities o...

The rates of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net (NEP) provide quantitative information about the cycling carbon energy in aquatic ecosystems. In lakes, metabolic are often diagnosed from diel oxygen fluctuations recorded with high-resolution sondes. This requires that imprint metabolism can be separated physical processes. Here, we quantified vertical temporal va...

carpal tunnel syndrome is known as an industrial new epidemic. in many of jobs, the same motions of hand are repeated thousands of times a day.  each day the number of people with the syndrome is increasing. clerks, workers in food preparation and packaging, and secretaries of large supermarkets have a high risk for suffering from this syndrome. in fact, all people who flex and extend their wri...

damages due to northridge and kobe earthquakes were expressive of considerable effects of vertical components of earthquakes compared to the horizontal ones. on the other hand, thin steel plate shear wall is one of the newest resistant systems which until now it`s behavior haven’t been investigated under vertical component of earthquake. therefore, in this article, effects of vertical component...

Idealized experiments using linear (LM) and nonlinear (NM) multilevel global spectral models have been carried out to investigate and understand the impact of nonlinearities on the stationary wave response in the tropical atmosphere and its sensitivity to the vertical profile of heating. It is found that nonlinearities exert a dominant influence on the low-latitude stationary Kelvin and Rossby ...

This paper aims to investigate the effects of motion duration on the structural seismic demands, seeking potential correlations between motion durations and structural responses at several seismic intensity levels. Three seismic intensity levels with 100years, 475years, and 2475years earthquake return periods (RPs) are first considered for correlation computations. Spectrally matched ground mot...

Fibrosterol sulfate A is a polysulfated bis-steroid with an atypical side chain. Due to the flexibility of the linker, large-scale motions that change dramatically the shape of the entire molecule are expected. Such motions pose major challenges to the structure elucidation and the correct determination of configuration. In this study, we will describe the determination of the relative configur...

Humans perform vertical and horizontal arm motions with different temporal patterns. The specific velocity profiles are chosen by the central nervous system by integrating the gravitational force field to minimize energy expenditure. However, what happens when a visuomotor rotation is applied, so that a motion performed in the horizontal plane is perceived as vertical? We investigated the dynam...