The Healthy by Design guidelines were developed by the National Heart Foundation of Australia in 2004 to assist planners to deliver plans for residential developments that support active living. This article provides an overview of the contents of this resource. It also provides examples of its application and influence in the planning sector.

This paper explores the relationship between the health of the financial sector and the rest of the economy. We develop an indicator of financial sector health using a distance-to-default measure based on a Merton-style option pricing model. Our measure spans over three decades and appears to capture periods when financial sector institutions were strong and when they were weak. We then use vec...

It is not long time that residential complexes have been built in Tehran. Although during thistime, always influenced by some factors, configuration of the residential complexes has undergone fluctuations, rateof which has been very fast especially in recent decades considering the fundamental changes that have emerged in the housing debate. turning housing into an investment commodity. Residen...

With decades of economic growth and socio-economic transformation, China’s residential sector has seen rapid expansion in energy consumption, and is now the second largest energy consuming sector in the country. Faced with challenges of energy resource depletion and natural environment deterioration, China has been intensifying its efforts on energy conservation and emissions reductions in the ...

This study presents a 2014 high-resolution spatially disaggregated emission inventory (0.025° × 0.025° horizontal resolution), of the main activities in the energy sector in Argentina. The sub-sectors considered are public generation of electricity, oil refineries, cement production, transport (maritime, air, rail and road), residential and commercial. The following pollutants were included: gr...

OBJECTIVES Blue-collar workers are a recognised priority for tobacco control. Construction workers have very high smoking rates and are difficult to study and reach with interventions promoting smoke-free workplaces and cessation. The objectives of this study were to explore the smoking-related social climate in the North American residential construction sector and to identify potential barrie...

Energy efficiency is a keyword that can be found nowadays in all domains in which energy demand exists. The steadily rising energy demand, the consequent energy scarcity and rising prices of energy resources are forcing companies and people to redefine their activities in a more energy efficient way. Besides industry and transportation, the building sector is the most important energy consumer,...

Private Sector Development Department ▪ Finance, Private Sector, and Infrastructure Network Governments often regulate not only the overall level of prices charged by infrastructure firms but also the relationship between prices for different services or customers. Thus, government-controlled telephone monopolies may keep prices low for local calls and charge more for long-distance calls. Power...

A 'bottom-up' methodology has been developed for estimating energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the United Kingdom residential sector, using a physically based model of energy demand. It brings together data from a variety of sources on the physical factors determining energy demand, and reconciles estimated energy requirements with the historical fuel delivery aggregates given in the Diges...

The largest decile of commercial electricity customers comprises half of commercial sector electricity usage. We quantify a substantial split incentives problem that exists when these large rms are on electricity-included property lease contracts. Using exogenous variation in weather shocks, we show that customers on tenant-paid contracts use 6-14% less electricity in summer months. The policy ...