The aim of this study was to compare energy consumption in dairy farms with different sizes. Sources of energy include non renewable sources such as fossil fuel, and electricity and renewable sources such as forage, concentrate, machinery, labor, and water. The required data were collected from 42 dairy farms in Tehran province, Iran and were analyzed to assess energy consumption based on diffe...

The displacement of non-renewable fossil fuels by renewable energy resources has occurred at a low rate in the USA. But a large number of drivers is expected to cause significant expansion of the US renewable energy industry in the near future. Included among the extrinsic drivers, or those that are not directly related to renewable energy resources, are reductions in natural gas and crude oil ...

Energy efficiency and renewable energy are the main pillars of sustainability and environmental compatibility. This study presents an overview of sustainable and green cellular base stations (BSs), which account for most of the energy consumed in cellular networks. We review the architecture of the BS and the power consumption model, and then summarize the trends in green cellular network resea...

Large commercial and industrial loads known as large energy consumers are always seeking to reduce their energy costs and consequently they are utilizing renewable and non-renewable energy sources in procurement of their required energy. Use of renewable energy sources (RESs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs) parking lot without proper planning will make technical and economic problems for ...

The ability of renewable resources to provide all of society's energy needs is shown by using the United States as an example. Various renewable systems are presented, and the issues of energy payback, carbon dioxide abatement, and energy storage are addressed. Pathways for renewable hydrogen generation are shown, and the implementation of hydrogen technologies into the energy infrastructure is...

To reduce the GHG emissions of IP over WDM networks, we introduce renewable energy usage at each network node and design the networks considering the state of renewable energy available at each node location. Results indicate that the designed network can save up to 50% or more non-renewable energy consumption in the example scenarios considered here compared with the design method which simply...

abstract i n this paper we investigated total energy consumption and its individual forms (oil, natural gas, electricity, renewable energies and coal) relationship with real gross domestic product (gdp) in iran. we employed hsiao’s (1981) methodology and annual data which cover 1967-2010 for investigation. the empirical findings indicate there is bidirectional causality effect with real gdp and...

Today, renewable energy source of power generation has become very promising. As we know that conventional or non-renewable source of energies are very limited and are depleting very rapidly. Increasing energy needs of the world and continually growing population there is a power demand gap and it needs alternate sources of energy. So, there is a view to generate more and more power from renewa...

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The rapidly growing server energy expenditure and the warning of climate change have forced the IT industry to look at datacenters powered by renewable energy. Existing proposals on this issue yield sub-optimal performance as they typically assume certain specific type of renewable energy sources and overlook the benefits of cross-source coordination. This paper takes the first step toward expl...