The diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism and its differentiation from euthyroid sick syndrome still is a major diagnostic challenge. In this study, ultrasonography was shown to be an effective tool for the investigation of thyroid gland diseases. Healthy control dogs (n = 87), dogs with euthyroid sick syndrome (n = 26), thyroglobulin autoantibody-positive (TgAA-positive, n = 30) hypothyroid dogs,...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Renal size is an important parameter used in the diagnosis and follow up of renal diseases. However, while making decisions, clinicians must be aware of the dependence of these dimensions on the ethnicity of the individual, independent of anthropometric indices. There is no established nomogram for renal sizes in the Indian population. The aim of this study was to assess...

BACKGROUND During routine ultrasonographic examination in B presentation, performed as a standard diagnostic procedure during the early post-operative period, the most important problem with the interpretation of the images of perirenal haematoma is their ability to change in time. The aim of this work was to assess the echogenicity and the size of perirenal haematomas in patients after kidney ...

The role of ultrasonography in diagnosing blunt renal trauma is uncertain because it is much less sensitive in detecting parenchymal organ injuries. Indirect evidence such as perinephric haematoma may be easier to identify by ultrasonography and it is highly suggestive of underlying renal parenchymal injury. A patient with significant renal injuries diagnosed by bedside ultrasonography is repor...

AIM To characterize the kidney alterations associated with renal mass reduction by two-dimensional ultrasound and assess the correlation of the ultrasonographic parameters with the histological and biochemical findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into two groups: sham-operated animals (n=13), and animals which underwent renal mass reduction (RMR) through 5/6 nephrectomy (n=14). R...

Hypertension is a known complication after renal trauma. The cause of posttraumatic hypertension can be renal scarring, infarction, hydonephrosis, infection, vascular injury, and parenchymal compression. The authors report on the case of a 16-year-old boy who experienced hypertension after blunt renal trauma. He had a dense fibrous pseudocapsule causing renal parenchymal compression, which lead...

The extent of scarring or renal interstitial collagen deposition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can only be ascertained by highly invasive, painful and sometimes risky, tissue biopsy. Interestingly, while CKD-related abnormalities in kidney size can often be visualized using ultrasound, not only does the ellipsoid formula used today underestimate true renal size, but the calculated renal size ...

INTRODUCTION Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) occurs in 20-50% of children suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is associated with an increased risk of renal scarring and impaired renal function. Early detection of renal perfusion deterioration would allow for the implementation of more aggressive treatment and potentially prevent further damage to the renal parenchyma. The a...

Classification The major morphological classifications (WHO/ AFIP; modified Mainz classification, and the Heidelberg classification) discriminate eight sub-types of renal cell tumors related to the basic cell types of the nephron from which they are derived, and in line with the genetic facts as presently understood: 1) metanephric adenoma and metanephric adenofibroma, 2) papillary adenoma, 3) ...

OBJECTIVE To present our initial experience using selective renal parenchymal ischemia, without hilar clamping, in robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS In four patients with T1a renal tumor we performed robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy, using the Simon's clamp (Aesculap). It provides selective parenchymal compression without the need of vascular clamping. All patient...