homicide is one of the most important crimes in all countries statutory laws. such an importance is out of both of severity of the committed crime and difficulties in trial. these difficulties may cause to different and even paradoxical verdicts in the same case. this article is involved in one of these cases, i.e. homicide which has encountered to different judgments and is still open. brief r...

the legislator has not an explicit view about revision to judgments based on definitive oath. this point has caused disagreement between judges and lawyers. such disagreement may be entitled the losing party to petition in revision court in one case and deprive other losing party from it in similar case. in addition, the lawyers doubt in basis of rule in article 369 of civil procedure code base...

right of enforcement developed to the right of effective enforcement which both rooted in judicial protection. effective enforcement needs to foresee clear and useful, expeditious and cheap methods that helps the collection of defendant’s financial information and facilitates voluntary enforcement of judgment and finally use of professional and independent persons in execution process. in irani...

Purpose Predatory trading is a stock market technique in which certain participants exploit information about other participants' need to trade. often harms others. Hence, this paper examines the determinants and effects of financial practitioners' lay people's judgments predatory trading. Specifically, it investigates how public availability reliability exploited affect their ethics legality l...

The paper analyzes the relation between religious beliefs, religious participation and social cooperation. In particular, we focus on religions that instill beliefs about the connection between rewards and punishments and social behaviour. We show how religious organizations arise endogenously, analyze their e¤ect on social interactions in society and identify a "spiritual" as well as a "materi...

Theories of moral judgment have long emphasized reasoning and conscious thought while downplaying the role of intuitive and contextual influences. However, recent research has demonstrated that incidental feelings of disgust can influence moral judgments and make themmore severe. This study involved two experiments demonstrating that the reverse effect can occur when the notion of physical puri...

Past research argues that religious commitments shape individuals’ prosocial sentiments, including their generosity and solidarity. But what drives the prosociality of less religious people? Three studies tested the hypothesis that, with fewer religious expectations of prosociality, less religious individuals’ levels of compassion will play a larger role in their prosocial tendencies. In Study ...

The CJEU judgment in the two latest Islamic headscarf cases was handed down July 2021. allows employers to ban wearing of religious and other symbols by employees, but it does specify under what conditions this can be done. This article builds on a previous opinion AG Rantos Shadow Opinion former Sharpston analyses detail. It argues that is an improvement judgments provides more protection for ...