this article is a study on the religious approach of pre-safavid iranian muslim miniaturists to female depiction based on quranic verses and other religious narratives. this article is to find the way of visual reflecting female admired qualifications based on islam view at original and novel miniatures. assuming that mentioned visual reflection is based on quranic and religious narratives or h...

Literature morality relation has remained a point of vital critical debate since the ancient civilization. In the twentieth Century this question has continued ton inspire critical debate despite phenomenal decline in religious and moral aspect of life. But literature and morality relationship is complex and oscillates between complete interdependence to dissociation of such a relation. The stu...

cultural communications among nations consist of various subjects and architectural art styles are the most distinct and recognized subjects in this area of studding. the republic of dagestan in south of russian federation, not only from the past has cultural and historical relation with iran, but also ct located in the historical geography of cultural iran. this relationship was more due to th...

based on cross-cultural research. This approach expands earlier theoretical interpretations offered for the significance of cave art that fail to account for central aspects of cave art material. Clottes & Lewis-Williams (1998), Smith (1992) and Ryan (1999) concur in the interpretation that neurologically-based shamanic practices were central to cave art (cf. Lewis-Williams 1997a,b). Clottes & ...

Gothic Art and Architecture, religious and secular buildings, sculpture, stained glass, and illuminated manuscripts and other decorative arts produced in Europe during the latter part of the Middle Ages (5th century to 15th century). Gothic art began to be produced in France about 1140, spreading to the rest of Europe during the following century. The Gothic Age ended with the advent of the Ren...

Art historian James Elkins, in his book On the Strange Place of Religion in Contemporary Art, tells a story of a sculpture at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago titled 14 Stations of the Cross. Elkins teaches at the school and was interviewing students about their own religious-themed art. This Stations was “a large ceramic church, about two and a half feet high” covered with a “gray an...

Objective Due to the worldwide increase in infertility, it is both necessary and important to have assisted reproductive technology (ART) registries. In Iran, donation and surrogacy programs are approved by decrees from religious scholars. ART has been used since 1984 in Iran and the first Iranian infant conceived by gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) was born in 1989. This report, however,...